Unfounded beliefs, distress and powerlessness: A three‐wave longitudinal study

IF 3.8 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Applied psychology. Health and well-being Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI:10.1111/aphw.12542

Eva Ballová Mikušková, Peter Teličák

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between unfounded COVID‐19 beliefs and distress and powerlessness, specifically, whether distress and powerlessness are causes or consequences of unfounded COVID‐19 beliefs represented by conspiracy beliefs and pseudoscientific beliefs regarding treatment and measures. Unfounded beliefs were assessed using the COVID‐19 Unfounded Beliefs Scale; distress was measured with the Symptom Checklist‐10, and powerlessness was measured with four items measuring the feeling of losing control. Data collection took place during three phases of the pandemic in Slovakia (October 2021, N = 1838; July 2022, N = 1,420; April 2023, N = 925). Results suggest that individuals with stronger unfounded beliefs about COVID‐19 reported greater powerlessness longitudinally, and individuals with stronger COVID‐19 unfounded beliefs treatment and measures reported greater distress longitudinally (notably, beliefs about COVID‐19 measures in the first wave were associated with distress in the second wave, and beliefs about COVID‐19 treatment in the second wave were associated with distress in the third wave). The present findings corroborate an existential threat model of conspiracy theories that says the relationship between unfounded beliefs and indicators of well‐being is bidirectional, so interventions should be focused both on eliminating the unfounded beliefs and strengthening well‐being.

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毫无根据的信念、痛苦和无力感：三波纵向研究

本研究旨在探讨无根据的 COVID-19 信念与痛苦和无力感之间的关系，特别是痛苦和无力感是以阴谋论信念和有关治疗和措施的伪科学信念为代表的无根据的 COVID-19 信念的原因还是后果。无根据信念采用 COVID-19 无根据信念量表进行评估；痛苦采用症状检查表-10 进行测量，无力感采用四个测量失控感的项目进行测量。数据收集工作在斯洛伐克大流行病的三个阶段进行（2021 年 10 月，1,838 人；2022 年 7 月，1,420 人；2023 年 4 月，925 人）。结果表明，对 COVID-19 的无根据信念较强的个体纵向报告了更大的无力感，对 COVID-19 的无根据信念较强的治疗和措施个体纵向报告了更大的痛苦（值得注意的是，第一波中对 COVID-19 措施的信念与第二波中的痛苦相关，第二波中对 COVID-19 治疗的信念与第三波中的痛苦相关）。本研究结果证实了阴谋论的生存威胁模型，即毫无根据的信念与幸福感指标之间的关系是双向的，因此干预措施既要注重消除毫无根据的信念，也要注重增强幸福感。

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来源期刊

Applied psychology. Health and well-being PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED-

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

2.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the International Association of Applied Psychology. It was established in 2009 and covers applied psychology topics such as clinical psychology, counseling, cross-cultural psychology, and environmental psychology.