The Postoperative Effects of Anesthesia Exposure on Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Narrative Review

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Current Alzheimer research Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI:10.2174/0115672050288199240408035201

Kathleen Angela Willoughby-Dudley, Marielle L. Darwin, Deana B. Davalos

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Abstract

Background:: As modern medicine continues to make strides in effective surgical treatments, we must also consider the critical impact of anesthesia on neuropsychological outcomes. Recent evidence suggests that anesthesia exposure may be a risk factor for postoperative cognitive decline and the eventual development of dementia. Objectives:: To explore the vulnerability of the aging brain in the context of anesthesia exposure in surgery, studies will be reviewed, and pertinent findings will be highlighted and explored to better understand risks and possible factors that need to be considered when contemplating surgery. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using a combination of MEDLINE and APA PsycINFO databases to shed light on themes across studies assessing general trends regarding the influence of anesthesia on postoperative cognitive decline. Results:: A search of relevant literature identified 388 articles. Excluding results outside the parameters of this study, the review includes quality assessments for 24 articles. Conclusion:: While findings are inconclusive, suggestions for further investigation into the relationship between anesthesia exposure and increased risk for postoperative cognitive decline are discussed, in addition to factors that may allow for greater informed disclosure of potential risks of anesthesia in older adults.

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麻醉暴露对老年人认知能力下降的术后影响：叙述性综述

背景随着现代医学在有效手术治疗方面不断取得进步，我们也必须考虑麻醉对神经心理学结果的重要影响。最近的证据表明，麻醉暴露可能是导致术后认知能力下降并最终发展为痴呆症的风险因素。研究目的为了探索老化大脑在手术麻醉暴露中的脆弱性，我们将回顾相关研究，并强调和探讨相关发现，以便更好地了解风险以及在考虑手术时需要考虑的可能因素。方法：结合使用 MEDLINE 和 APA PsycINFO 数据库进行了叙述性综述，以阐明各项研究的主题，评估麻醉对术后认知能力下降影响的总体趋势。结果对相关文献的检索发现了 388 篇文章。排除本研究参数之外的结果，综述包括对 24 篇文章的质量评估。结论虽然研究结果尚无定论，但讨论了进一步调查麻醉暴露与术后认知能力下降风险增加之间关系的建议，以及允许在更知情的情况下披露老年人麻醉潜在风险的因素。

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来源期刊

Current Alzheimer research 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Alzheimer Research publishes peer-reviewed frontier review, research, drug clinical trial studies and letter articles on all areas of Alzheimer’s disease. This multidisciplinary journal will help in understanding the neurobiology, genetics, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies of Alzheimer’s disease. The journal publishes objective reviews written by experts and leaders actively engaged in research using cellular, molecular, and animal models. The journal also covers original articles on recent research in fast emerging areas of molecular diagnostics, brain imaging, drug development and discovery, and clinical aspects of Alzheimer’s disease. Manuscripts are encouraged that relate to the synergistic mechanism of Alzheimer''s disease with other dementia and neurodegenerative disorders. Book reviews, meeting reports and letters-to-the-editor are also published. The journal is essential reading for researchers, educators and physicians with interest in age-related dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Current Alzheimer Research provides a comprehensive ''bird''s-eye view'' of the current state of Alzheimer''s research for neuroscientists, clinicians, health science planners, granting, caregivers and families of this devastating disease.