Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adult prisoners: An updated meta-analysis

IF 1.1 4区医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.1002/cbm.2337

Seena Fazel, Louis Favril

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Abstract

Background

Previous meta-analyses may have overestimated the prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in prisoners by including data from selected samples.

Aims

To estimate the prevalence of ADHD in unselected samples of adults in prison and examine potential sources of heterogeneity by meta-regression and subgroup analyses.

Methods

We assessed all studies included in a 2018 systematic review for eligibility and updated the literature search to include studies published up to September 2023.

Results

A total of 11 studies reporting robust diagnostic data on ADHD in 3919 unselected adults in prison were included. In meta-regression, ADHD prevalence did not differ between men and women but it was significantly higher in studies using a two-phase design. In random sampling studies, the pooled prevalence of ADHD was 8.3% (95% CI: 3.8–12.8) which was further halved after the removal of an outlier.

Conclusion

One in 12 adults in prison have been diagnosed with ADHD. Our findings highlight the importance of using clear and consistent inclusion criteria in meta-analyses of prevalence.

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成年囚犯中注意力缺陷多动障碍的患病率：最新荟萃分析

背景以往的荟萃分析可能会因为纳入了选定样本的数据而高估了囚犯中注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率.目的通过荟萃回归和亚组分析，估算未选定样本的成年囚犯中ADHD的患病率，并研究潜在的异质性来源。方法我们评估了2018年系统综述中纳入的所有研究的资格，并更新了文献检索，纳入了截至2023年9月发表的研究。结果共纳入了11项研究，这些研究报告了3919名未入选的成年囚犯中ADHD的可靠诊断数据。在元回归中，ADHD的患病率在男女之间没有差异，但在采用两阶段设计的研究中，患病率明显较高。在随机取样的研究中，ADHD的总患病率为8.3%（95% CI：3.8-12.8），在去除一个离群值后，患病率进一步降低了一半。我们的研究结果凸显了在对患病率进行荟萃分析时使用明确一致的纳入标准的重要性。

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来源期刊

Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Multiple-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.