Goal maintainers' preferences: The influence of goal type on self-control means choices

Abstract

This research examines how goal type (i.e., attainment vs. maintenance) affects consumers' preferences for different means of self-control (i.e., initiatory vs. inhibitory). Across four studies, the authors demonstrate that pursuing maintenance versus attainment goals decreases the willingness to choose inhibitory self-control but not initiatory self-control. The effect is primarily attributed to two reasons: distinct decision concerns when choosing the means for attainment and maintenance goals; and asymmetry when evaluating initiatory and inhibitory self-control. The effects are consistent across cultures and domains and impact consumers' purchase and real-life behaviours. These findings shed light on the relationship between goal type and self-control preferences and offer insights to both consumers and marketers on how to engage in self-control for long-term goals.