Effect of Photomultiplier Tube Voltage on the Performance of Sealed NaI (Tl) Scintillator Detectors

IF 1 4区工程技术 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.1155/2024/5206668

Hongchi Zhou, Fang Liu, Xin Yuan, Jun Wu, Guanda Li

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Abstract

We explored the nonlinear characteristics of energy resolution (ER) for the sealed NaI (Tl) scintillator detector by using a gamma-ray spectroscopy system and Monte Carlo simulation. Our research focused on the two primary factors of energy resolution including the photomultiplier tube (PMT) voltage and the distance between the gamma-ray sources (¹³⁷Cs and ⁶⁰Co) and the scintillator detector. The experimental results showed that energy resolution decreased when the PMT voltage increased, and the energy resolution of NaI (Tl) detectors reached a smaller value (6.92%, 6.76%, and 6.56%), especially with the PMT voltage in the range of 575–595 V. In addition, a suitable distance between the gamma-ray source and the scintillator (5 cm) can also effectively reduce the energy resolution. We established the simulation models of the experimental NaI (Tl) detectors and simulated their energy spectra. The simulation results in the peak area agreed with the experimental results. A possible better PMT voltage choice has been proposed to obtain a smaller energy resolution.

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光电倍增管电压对密封式 NaI (Tl) 闪烁探测器性能的影响

我们利用伽马射线光谱系统和蒙特卡洛模拟，探索了密封式碘化钛（NaI (Tl)）闪烁体探测器能量分辨率（ER）的非线性特性。我们的研究重点是能量分辨率的两个主要因素，包括光电倍增管（PMT）电压和伽马射线源（137Cs 和 60Co）与闪烁探测器之间的距离。实验结果表明，当光电倍增管电压升高时，能量分辨率降低，NaI（Tl）探测器的能量分辨率达到了较小值（6.92%、6.76%和6.56%），尤其是当光电倍增管电压在575-595 V范围内时。此外，伽马射线源与闪烁体之间的适当距离（5 厘米）也能有效降低能量分辨率。我们建立了实验用 NaI (Tl) 探测器的模拟模型，并模拟了它们的能谱。峰面积的模拟结果与实验结果一致。为了获得更小的能量分辨率，我们提出了一个更好的 PMT 电压选择方案。

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来源期刊

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.30

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations is an international scientific journal that aims to make available knowledge on issues related to the nuclear industry and to promote development in the area of nuclear sciences and technologies. The endeavor associated with the establishment and the growth of the journal is expected to lend support to the renaissance of nuclear technology in the world and especially in those countries where nuclear programs have not yet been developed.