Direct measurement of microfibril structures in polyacrylonitrile fibers during carbon fiber manufacturing process

IF 2.4 3区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Iranian Polymer Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1007/s13726-024-01317-6
Quan Gao, Zhihan Wang, Yongfa Zhou, Jiang Ren
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Abstract

The exceptional tensile strength and modulus of high-performance carbon fibers are determined by the microstructure evolution during the manufacturing process. The comprehension of the internal morphology of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers is crucial for establishing the robust structure–property relationship and achieving superior mechanical properties in the fibers. In this work, a combination method of the ultrathin sectioning and electron microscopy technique was developed and employed for the analysis of internal structure features of the nascent fibers, precursor fibers, pre-oxidized fibers and carbon fibers. The microfibril elements were already formed during the coagulation stage and further developed within the carbon fibers through spinning, thermal stabilization and carbonization processes. Subsequently, the unoriented microfibrillar network underwent a transformation into dense fibrils, and the crystal layers within these microfibrils experienced a conversion into the turbostratic graphite structures. Based on the Nano-IR2-FS results, the morphological changes of the microfibrils were found to be intricately associated with the evolution of chemical structure, implying a strong correction between them. Through analysis of the modulus differences, it became possible to distinguish between the crystalline domains and amorphous regions, facilitating the establishment of a relationship between the mechanical strength and the microfibril structures. This work presented a direct measurement method for unraveling the complex hierarchical structures of polymer fibers, which held great potential for developing high-performance polymer fibers.

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在碳纤维制造过程中直接测量聚丙烯腈纤维的微纤维结构
高性能碳纤维优异的拉伸强度和模量取决于制造过程中的微观结构演变。了解聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维的内部形态对于建立健全的结构-性能关系和实现纤维的优异机械性能至关重要。在这项工作中,开发并采用了超薄切片和电子显微镜技术相结合的方法来分析新生纤维、原纤维、预氧化纤维和碳纤维的内部结构特征。微纤维元素在凝结阶段已经形成,并通过纺丝、热稳定和碳化过程在碳纤维内部进一步发展。随后,无取向的微纤维网络转变为致密的纤维,而这些微纤维中的晶体层则转变为涡流石墨结构。根据 Nano-IR2-FS 的结果,发现微纤维的形态变化与化学结构的演变密切相关,这意味着它们之间存在很强的校正关系。通过分析模量差异,可以区分结晶域和无定形区域,从而有助于建立机械强度与微纤维结构之间的关系。这项研究提出了一种直接测量聚合物纤维复杂层次结构的方法,为开发高性能聚合物纤维提供了巨大潜力。
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来源期刊
Iranian Polymer Journal
Iranian Polymer Journal 化学-高分子科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
9.70%
发文量
107
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: Iranian Polymer Journal, a monthly peer-reviewed international journal, provides a continuous forum for the dissemination of the original research and latest advances made in science and technology of polymers, covering diverse areas of polymer synthesis, characterization, polymer physics, rubber, plastics and composites, processing and engineering, biopolymers, drug delivery systems and natural polymers to meet specific applications. Also contributions from nano-related fields are regarded especially important for its versatility in modern scientific development.
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