Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Black 5 in Simulated Dye Wastewater Using ZnO and Activated Red Mud Sonophotocatalyst

IF 2.8 3区 化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Topics in Catalysis Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI:10.1007/s11244-024-01945-5
Vigneswar Krishnan, Collin G. Joseph, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap, Siow Hwa Teo, Sabrina Soloi, Newati Wid, Mohd Hafiz Abd Majid, Yan Yan Farm, Kenneth F. Rodrigues
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Abstract

In this study, an anionic dye, Reactive Black 5 (RB5), was subjected to sonophotocatalytic treatment process with the aim of establishing the effectiveness of the prepared ZnO incorporated activated red mud (ZnO/ARM) as a viable sonophotocatalyst. ZnO/ARM was prepared by impregnation method at different weight ratios (0.25:1, 0.5:1, 0.75:1 and 1:1) with the ZnO/ARM at weight ratio of 0.75:1 proving to be the best sonophotocatalyst. The prepared sonophotocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometer for crystal phase studies, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller for surface area studies, Fourier transform infrared for surface functional groups studies, SEM–EDX for surface morphological and elemental studies, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence for sonophotocatalyst band-gap studies while parametric and kinetic studies of the removal of RB5 from the simulated wastewater were conducted to confirm its effectiveness under simultaneous application of a transducer bath-type sonicator (35 kHz) and a UV-C (254 nm) lamp. The influence of the solution pH, concentration and catalyst dosage were manipulated throughout this study to investigate the sonophotodegradation kinetics and synergistic effects on the RB5 degradation. Experimental results confirmed that the sonophotocatalytic degradation rate of 20 ppm RB5 was most effective under acidic medium (66.7%) as compared to alkaline medium (46.1%) due to an excess of positive charge in the ZnO/ARM surface which favours a strong electrostatic interaction with SO3 groups of the dye resulting in a higher degradation rate (0.0156 min−1). Under alkaline conditions, the catalytic activity of ZnO/ARM was attenuated by the higher negative charge which promoted the repulsion of the dye from ZnO/ARM surfaces leading to a lower degradation rate of 0.01 min−1. The accelerated photo induced electron–hole transfer and separation, decreased recombination rate and band energy matching, enhancing the photocatalytic performance of ZnO/ARM composite.

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利用氧化锌和活性红泥声光催化剂降解模拟染料废水中的活性黑 5
本研究对阴离子染料活性黑 5(RB5)进行了声光催化处理,目的是确定所制备的氧化锌掺入活性赤泥(ZnO/ARM)作为一种可行的声光催化剂的有效性。ZnO/ARM 以不同的重量比(0.25:1、0.5:1、0.75:1 和 1:1)通过浸渍法制备,其中重量比为 0.75:1 的 ZnO/ARM 被证明是最佳的声光催化剂。制备的声光催化剂采用 X 射线衍射仪进行晶相研究,布鲁纳-艾美特-泰勒法进行表面积研究,傅立叶变换红外法进行表面官能团研究,扫描电镜-EDX 法进行表面形态和元素研究、同时,还对模拟废水中 RB5 的去除进行了参数和动力学研究,以确认其在同时使用换能浴式声波器(35 kHz)和紫外线-C(254 nm)灯的情况下的有效性。在整个研究过程中,对溶液 pH 值、浓度和催化剂用量的影响进行了调整,以研究声光降解动力学以及对 RB5 降解的协同效应。实验结果证实,与碱性介质(46.1%)相比,在酸性介质中,20 ppm RB5 的声光催化降解率最高(66.7%),这是因为 ZnO/ARM 表面的正电荷过多,有利于与染料的 SO3- 基团产生强烈的静电作用,从而导致降解率较高(0.0156 min-1)。在碱性条件下,ZnO/ARM 的催化活性因较高的负电荷而减弱,负电荷促进了染料与 ZnO/ARM 表面的排斥,导致较低的降解速率(0.01 分钟-1)。加速的光诱导电子-空穴转移和分离,降低了重组率和带能匹配,提高了 ZnO/ARM 复合材料的光催化性能。
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来源期刊
Topics in Catalysis
Topics in Catalysis 化学-物理化学
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
5.60%
发文量
197
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Topics in Catalysis publishes topical collections in all fields of catalysis which are composed only of invited articles from leading authors. The journal documents today’s emerging and critical trends in all branches of catalysis. Each themed issue is organized by renowned Guest Editors in collaboration with the Editors-in-Chief. Proposals for new topics are welcome and should be submitted directly to the Editors-in-Chief. The publication of individual uninvited original research articles can be sent to our sister journal Catalysis Letters. This journal aims for rapid publication of high-impact original research articles in all fields of both applied and theoretical catalysis, including heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis.
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