Unlocking dendrite-free zinc metal anodes through anti-corrosive and Zn-ion-regulating interlayer

Abstract

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are a promising solution for large-scale energy storage due to their safety and cost-effectiveness. However, challenges like zinc dendrite growth and electrolyte corrosion hinder their practical use. Surface engineering methods have shown potential in stabilizing the zinc metal anode interface. In this study, we propose a successful approach by combining 2D g-C₃N₄ nanosheets with 3D ZIF8 nanoparticles to form a g-C₃N₄@ZIF8 artificial interface. The 3D ZIF8 support on the 2D g-C₃N₄ enables precise regulation of Zn²⁺ flux and efficient charge transfer, leading to improved electrochemical performance. Density functional theory confirms ZIF8's superior adsorption energy compared to g-C₃N₄. Strategically anchoring 3D ZIF8 nanoparticles within 2D g-C₃N₄ allows robust 3D diffusion of Zn²⁺, preventing dendrite formation and enabling dendrite-free Zn deposition. This structural design can enhance the performance of symmetric cells with an ultralong cycling lifespan of up to 6200 h at 0.25 mA cm⁻²/0.25 mA h cm⁻² and superior rate capability, even at 40 mA cm⁻². When combined with a V₂O₅ nanopaper cathode, our assembled AZIBs exhibit stable long-term performance. This research paves the way for more efficient and reliable AZIBs for large-scale energy storage.