Detection of TNP and sulfite ions in an aqueous medium using a pyrazinium-based chemosensor†

IF 3.5 Q2 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Sensors & diagnostics Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1039/D3SD00345K

Pragya, Krishnan Rangan and Bharti Khungar

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Abstract

A fluorescent pyrazinium-based 1-benzyl-3,5-diphenylpyrazin-1-ium bromide (BPPyz) chemosensor was synthesized and well-characterized. A significant reduction in blue emission of BPPyz was observed in the presence of TNP as compared to other nitroaromatic compounds, indicating high selectivity towards TNP. In the presence of sulfite ions, BPPyz showed fluorescence quenching and rapid naked-eye detection with a significant color change. The sensing mechanism was investigated through UV–visible studies, time-resolved fluorescence results, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The quenching constants (K_SV) are 4.12 × 10⁵ M⁻¹ for TNP and 3.8 × 10⁵ M⁻¹ for sulfite with the detection limits of 9.5 nM and 46.17 nM for TNP and sulfite, respectively. The selectivity of BPPyz towards TNP was ascribed to the ground state charge transfer complex (GSC) formation and resonance energy transfer. Sulfite ion detection involved the formation of a GSC through hydrogen bonding with the pyrazinium proton.

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利用吡嗪基化学传感器检测水介质中的 TNP 和亚硫酸根离子

我们合成了一种基于吡嗪的 1-苄基-3,5-二苯基吡嗪-1-溴化铵（BPPyz）荧光化学传感器，并对其进行了良好的表征。与其他硝基芳香族化合物相比，在 TNP 的存在下，BPPyz 的蓝色发射明显减少，这表明其对 TNP 具有高选择性。在亚硫酸根离子存在的情况下，BPPyz 会出现荧光淬灭，并通过显著的颜色变化实现快速肉眼检测。研究人员通过紫外可见光研究、时间分辨荧光结果和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算对其传感机制进行了研究。TNP 和亚硫酸盐的淬灭常数（KSV）分别为 4.12 × 105 M-1 和 3.8 × 105 M-1，检测限分别为 9.5 nM 和 46.17 nM。BPPyz 对 TNP 的选择性归因于基态电荷转移复合物（GSC）的形成和共振能量转移。亚硫酸盐离子的检测涉及通过与吡嗪质子的氢键作用形成 GSC。

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来源期刊

Sensors & diagnostics

CiteScore

2.30

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