Assessment of nutritional status, anthropometry and sleep patterns of the obese patients during pre and post COVID-19 illness

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Human Nutrition and Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI:10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200265
Luxita Sharma , Akanksha Yadav , Dhananjay Sharma , Kajal Dhama
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Abstract

Background and aims

Until COVID-19, obesity was the main pandemic of 21 century. To date, there have been 767984989 confirmed cases, and 6943390 include death cases of COVID-19 (WHO). To find the prevalence of Obesity among adults, to adjudge the attitude and behavior of selected subjects towards eating healthy and weight loss during pre- and post-COVID-19.

Methodology

Subject selection was done through non-probability judgemental sampling. Initially, 70 young adults between 18 and 39 years of age were selected from different localities of Delhi (NCR). The study was conducted based on a questionnaire developed for the survey. Based on the inclusion criteria only 50 subjects were selected for further study. The study was constructed into three phases and the arrangement of subjects was elaborated as under. Phase 1 includes field study, clinical examination, and biochemical analysis, phase II includes the division of experimental and control groups, whereas Phase III includes the pre& post-COVID nutritional status, anthropometric assessment, beverage consumption, and sleep patterns were also assessed.

Result

The nutrition intervention in E3 (balanced diet + nutrient supplement) showed a significant difference with the control group followed by E2 (nutrient supplement) and E1 (balanced diet). Our findings showed that the subjects have Calorie, protein, fat, carbohydrates, sodium, and potassium intake significantly decreased (P= <0.001) during post-intervention, whereas, the fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, and iron (P= <0.001), and calcium (p = 0.006), intake significantly increased during post-intervention. The changes in anthropometric parameters such as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), and fat% for pre-COVID-19 were higher for both men and women, but after following the dietary recommendation and physical activity found a significant reduction in WHR, BMI, and fat% (P= <0.001) for both men and women. The p-value for subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction appears to be less than 0.05 which shows that it is significant. The daily consumption of various beverages listed above with a comparison of pre-post intervention, which shows that only for kada the p-value is 0.001 which is less than 0.05 hence it seems significant. The p-value for people with no comorbidity appears less than 0.05, indicating it is significant. majority of participants (12 %) with diabetes took comparatively longer than the participants suffering from other comorbidities followed by Hypertension (7 %), Hyperthyroidism (4 %), Hypothyroidism, and polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) (3 % each) respectively.

Conclusion

In the present study, we provided survey data about the key aspects of the nutritional management of COVID-19 (pre-and-post), based on the current knowledge.

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评估 COVID-19 生病前后肥胖患者的营养状况、人体测量和睡眠模式
背景和目的 在 COVID-19 之前,肥胖症是 21 世纪的主要流行病。迄今为止,COVID-19 已有 767984989 例确诊病例,6943390 例死亡病例(世界卫生组织)。方法通过非概率判断性抽样选择受试者。最初从德里(NCR)的不同地区选取了 70 名 18 至 39 岁的年轻人。研究根据调查问卷进行。根据纳入标准,只选取了 50 名受试者进行进一步研究。研究分为三个阶段,受试者的安排详述如下。第一阶段包括实地考察、临床检查和生化分析,第二阶段包括实验组和对照组的划分,第三阶段包括 COVID 前后的营养状况、人体测量评估、饮料消耗量和睡眠模式的评估。结果E3(均衡饮食 + 营养素补充剂)的营养干预与对照组有显著差异,其次是 E2(营养素补充剂)和 E1(均衡饮食)。研究结果显示,受试者在干预后热量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钠和钾的摄入量明显减少(P= 0.001),而纤维素、维生素 A、维生素 C、铁(P= 0.001)和钙(P= 0.006)的摄入量在干预后明显增加。COVID-19干预前,男性和女性的腰臀比(WHR)、体重指数(BMI)和脂肪率等人体测量参数的变化都比较大,但在遵循饮食建议并进行体育锻炼后,男性和女性的腰臀比、体重指数和脂肪率都有了明显的下降(P= <0.001)。主观睡眠质量、睡眠潜伏期、习惯性睡眠效率、睡眠障碍和日间功能障碍的 P 值似乎小于 0.05,表明其具有显著性。通过比较干预前和干预后每天饮用上述各种饮料的情况,发现只有卡达的 p 值为 0.001,小于 0.05,因此具有重要意义。大多数患有糖尿病的参与者(12%)比患有其他合并症的参与者花费的时间要长,其次分别是高血压(7%)、甲状腺功能亢进(4%)、甲状腺功能减退和多囊卵巢疾病(PCOD)(各占 3%)。
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来源期刊
Human Nutrition and Metabolism
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
审稿时长
188 days
期刊最新文献
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