Impact of river capture on erosion rates and offshore sedimentation revealed by geological and in situ 10Be cosmogenic data (Corsica, western Mediterranean)

Abstract

Quantitative analysis of fluvial topography and sediment yield changes are often independently used to detect major river capture events and episodes of drainage reorganization. Here we use a unique set of geological and in situ ¹⁰Be cosmogenic data from Corsica, Western Mediterranean, to provide evidence of major river capture events affecting the former Paleo-Ostriconi river catchment during the Pliocene, and to illustrate how the landscape of Corsica is still reacting to the disequilibrium caused by the late Miocene uplift of Alpine Corsica. We found that ∼1280 km² of basin area originally draining towards the Ligurian Sea were abruptly connected to the Tyrrhenian Sea by the capturing Tavignano and Golo rivers, which led to the formation of a large Pliocene-Quaternary submarine fan offshore the Tyrrhenian coast. The increased sediment yield towards the Tyrrhenian margin after river capture in the Pliocene was three times greater than the average sediment yield in the same source-to-sink system during the Holocene (410±100 t·km⁻²·a ^{− 1} vs ∼131±8 t·km⁻²·a ^{− 1}) and greater magnitude than any subsequent peaks in sediment yield during late Pleistocene glaciations. ¹⁰Be-derived denudation rates reveal that focused erosion still affects retreating knickpoints near the sites of former river capture in central Corsica, suggesting persistence of landscape disequilibrium for several millions of years. Our results demonstrate the potentially large impact of river capture on the stratigraphic record and highlight the importance of full consideration of landscape response times to onshore disturbances for any reliable interpretation of the offshore sedimentary archive.