Earth and Planetary Science Letters最新文献

Zircon thermal annealing ages determine a late Eocene birth for the First Bend of the Yangtze River 锆石热退火年龄确定了长江第一弯的始新世晚期形成

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119888

Yang Zhang , Rui Li , Guang-Yan Zhou , David Chew , Jian-Ping Zheng , Qing Xiong , Wei Wang

Understanding the evolution of the First Bend of the Yangtze River is essential in deciphering the Cenozoic tectonic dynamics of the Tibetan Plateau and the associated intricate interplay between surface uplift, river erosion and sediment deposition. Nevertheless, the precise timing and mechanisms for its formation remain a subject of debate, primarily stemming from the ambiguous interpretation of sediment provenance studies that solely rely on detrital zircon U-Pb ages. Here, we employ zircon Raman spectroscopy data integrated with a new developed support vector machine model to assess whether detrital zircons from the Eocene Jianchuan Basin underwent thermal annealing after crystallization. Combined with zircon depth profiling U-Pb age data, we show that the sediments in the lower to middle sequences of the Jianchuan Basin were predominantly sourced from the Qiangtang terrane and the western Yangtze region, implying paleo-Yangtze (Jinsha) River once flowed southwards through this basin. In contrast, the overlying Jianchuan Formation mainly received recycled detritus from the underlying Paleozoic sedimentary strata. This shift in sediment supply to the Jianchuan Basin was caused by the uplift within and surrounding the basin induced by a change in stress regime from extension to compression, which resulted in the reorganization of the paleo-Yangtze river and ultimately the formation of the First Bend and the modern Yangtze River during the late Eocene.

了解长江第一弯道的演化过程，对于解读青藏高原新生代构造动力学以及地表隆起、河流侵蚀和泥沙沉积之间复杂的相互作用具有重要意义。然而，其形成的精确时间和机制仍然是一个争论的主题，主要是由于仅仅依赖于碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄的沉积物物源研究的模糊解释。本文利用锆石拉曼光谱数据结合新建立的支持向量机模型，对建川盆地始新统碎屑锆石结晶后是否进行了热退火处理进行了评价。结合锆石深度剖面U-Pb年龄资料，认为建川盆地中下层序沉积物主要来源于羌塘地体和西扬子地区，暗示古扬子（金沙江）曾南下流经该盆地。上覆建川组主要接收下伏古生代沉积地层的再循环碎屑。始新世晚期，应力状态由伸展向挤压转变，导致盆地内部和周围隆升，形成了古长江的重组，最终形成了第一弯道和现代长江。

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引用次数: 0

Low temperature brine formation by serpentinization on asteroid (162,173) Ryugu 小行星（162173）Ryugu的蛇纹岩作用形成低温卤水

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119885

Guy Libourel , Marc Portail , Vincent Guigoz , Virginie Brändli , Cyrille Collin , Nathalie Vigier , Tomoki Nakamura , Hikaru Yabuta , Shogo Tachibana , Cecile Engrand

Secondary mineral prevalence in Ryugu samples, similar to primitive carbonaceous-Ivuna type (CI) chondrites, suggests that aqueous alteration was a key factor in its formation. However, this general consensus masks our limited understanding of the specific mechanisms and environmental conditions involved in water-rock interactions on primitive asteroids. High-resolution cathodoluminescence (CL) analysis of the ubiquitous dolomite crystals in Ryugu samples reveals concentric epitaxial overgrowths with varying levels of Mn²⁺-activated luminescence. CL panchromatic images and spectral deconvolution provide compelling evidence for the evolution of aqueous fluids toward highly saturated brines. Given the close association of dolomite with widespread intergrowths of serpentine and saponite in the matrix, we propose that brine formation occurs as a byproduct of serpentinization. Unlike large-scale evaporation or freezing, this process can locally cause the hydrothermal fluid to dry out, significantly increasing its salinity over time. This leads to the sporadic precipitation of an evaporite mineral sequence, with dolomite forming at an early stage. This serpentinization-driven brine formation model offers a convincing alternative to a purely prograde alteration history for Ryugu. It may also provide a better explanation for the alteration processes of Bennu and other CI chondrite parent bodies.

与原始碳-伊武那型（CI）球粒陨石相似，Ryugu样品中的次生矿物普遍存在，表明水蚀变是其形成的关键因素。然而，这种普遍共识掩盖了我们对原始小行星上水岩相互作用的具体机制和环境条件的有限理解。高分辨率阴极发光（CL）分析了龙谷样品中普遍存在的白云石晶体，发现了不同水平的Mn2+活化发光的同心外延过度生长。CL全色图像和光谱反褶积为含水流体向高饱和盐水的演化提供了令人信服的证据。鉴于白云岩与基质中广泛的蛇纹石和皂石共生关系密切，我们认为卤水形成是蛇纹石化的副产物。与大规模蒸发或冻结不同，这一过程会局部导致热液变干，随着时间的推移，其盐度会显著增加。这导致蒸发岩矿物序列的零星沉淀，白云岩形成于早期阶段。这种蛇纹岩驱动的盐水地层模型为Ryugu提供了一种令人信服的替代方案，而不是纯粹的递进蚀变历史。这也可能为贝努和其他CI球粒陨石母体的蚀变过程提供更好的解释。

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引用次数: 0

Structural heterogeneity and anisotropy beneath Myanmar: Insights into the complex deformation of the Indo-Burma subduction zone 缅甸地下构造非均质性和各向异性：印缅俯冲带复杂变形的启示

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119879

Yiming Bai , Shengji Wei , Jing Chen , Tianjue Li , Bingfeng Zhang , Xiao Xiao , Shucheng Wu , Jiayuan Yao , Yu Wang , Ping Tong

The highly oblique Indo-Burma convergence has produced complex tectonic deformation along the Myanmar margin, and the depth-resolved anisotropy offers a valuable means to elucidate the mechanisms that drive this deformation. Here, we build a 3-D anisotropic body-wave velocity model in the upper 80 km using the adjoint-state traveltime tomography applied to an AI-assisted local earthquake catalog. The new model reveals pronounced azimuthal anisotropy and velocity heterogeneities. In the overriding Burma plate crust, a complex anisotropic structure is observed: fast velocity directions (FVDs) normal to the trench beneath the inner Indo-Burma Ranges while broadly parallel to the tectonic block boundaries and fault strikes beneath the Central Myanmar Basin. These patterns reflect transpressive deformation under oblique convergence. In the uppermost mantle, the observed ENE-WSW FVDs west of the Wuntho-Popa Arc are attributed to the fossil fabric in the subducting Indian plate, and the NNW-SSE FVDs farther east are associated with supra-slab along-strike flow, possibly shaped by the slab geometry complexity. Additionally, the segment of the Sagaing Fault near 21°N is likely infiltrated by crustal fluids originating from the adjacent Mogok Metamorphic Belt, potentially linked to recent asthenospheric melt upwelling. Evidence for fluid presence includes a near-fault crustal anomaly with ∼8% velocity reduction, high Vp/Vs of >1.85 and FVDs parallel to the maximum horizontal compressive stress. Fluid infiltration likely promotes partial creep in this fault segment, and, together with variations in lithology and deformation state, may affect earthquake nucleation along this portion of the Sagaing Fault, including the 2025 Mw 7.8 Mandalay event.

高度倾斜的印缅辐合带在缅甸边缘产生了复杂的构造变形，深度分辨各向异性为阐明这种变形的驱动机制提供了有价值的手段。在这里，我们利用伴随状态走时层析成像技术建立了80公里以上的三维各向异性体波速度模型，该模型应用于人工智能辅助的局部地震目录。新模型显示出明显的方位各向异性和速度非均质性。在上覆的缅甸板块地壳中，观察到一个复杂的各向异性结构：快速方向（FVDs）与印缅山脉内部的海沟垂直，而与缅甸盆地中部的构造块体边界和断层走向大致平行。这些模式反映了斜辐合作用下的压迫变形。在上地幔，Wuntho-Popa弧以西的ENE-WSW型fvd与俯冲的印度板块化石构造有关，而更以东的NNW-SSE型fvd与板块上沿走向流动有关，可能受板块几何复杂性的影响。此外，在21°N附近的实皆断裂段可能被来自相邻Mogok变质带的地壳流体渗透，这可能与最近的软流圈融化上涌有关。流体存在的证据包括近断层地壳异常，速度降低约8%，高Vp/Vs为>；1.85， fvd平行于最大水平压应力。流体渗透可能促进了该断裂带的部分蠕变，并与岩性和变形状态的变化一起，可能影响实皆断裂带这部分的地震成核，包括2025 Mw 7.8曼德勒事件。

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引用次数: 0

Extended time delay and complex rupture behaviors of dynamically triggered earthquakes on gouge-filled fault 充泥断层动力触发地震的延迟性和复杂破裂行为

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119853

Yishuo Zhou , Ran Xu , Peng Dong , Kaiwen Xia

Seismic waves emitted by an earthquake can trigger other earthquakes over a variety of spatial and temporal scale, yet extended time delay and rupture behaviors associated with these events are not well understood. Here, we report on the experimental observation of earthquake rupture triggered by explosion-generated stress perturbations at different stress level, showing that the time delay of triggered events on gouge-filled fault is significantly higher than those on bare fault. Furthermore, we identify notable difference in rupture behaviors between the triggered events on gouge-filled and bare faults. For bare fault, the triggered events may be arrested or runaway, depending on the initial stress level at the onset of dynamic triggering. However, for gouge-filled fault, the rupture behaviors is more complex, manifested by scattered micro-ruptures, coalescent micro-ruptures, and runaway rupture. The extended time delay and complex rupture behaviors of triggered events on gouge-filled fault are attributed to the evolution of force chain within the fault gouge. Our results suggest that fault gouge plays an important role in earthquake dynamic triggering, which may provide new insights into the mechanism for extended time delay of dynamically triggered earthquakes on natural fault systems.

地震发出的地震波可以在不同的空间和时间尺度上引发其他地震，但与这些事件相关的延长时间延迟和破裂行为尚未得到很好的理解。本文报道了不同应力水平下爆炸应力扰动触发地震破裂的实验观测结果，结果表明，充填断层触发事件的时间延迟明显高于裸断层。此外，我们还发现了泥断层和裸断层在破裂行为上的显著差异。对于裸断层，触发事件可能被阻止或失控，这取决于动态触发开始时的初始应力水平。而对于泥质断层，其破裂行为更为复杂，表现为分散微破裂、聚结微破裂和失控破裂。断层泥内部力链的演化是充填断层触发事件时滞延长和破裂行为复杂的主要原因。研究结果表明，断层泥在地震动力触发中起着重要作用，为研究自然断层系统动态触发地震延时延长的机理提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Large-scale slab dynamics as drivers of seismicity: Modeling earthquakes in the izu-bonin-mariana subduction zones 大尺度板块动力学作为地震活动性的驱动因素：模拟伊豆-波宁-马里亚纳俯冲带的地震

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119878

Yida Li , Neil M. Ribe , Zhe Jia

Subduction zones host the majority of global earthquakes, ranging from shallow megathrust and outer-rise earthquakes to deep intraplate seismicity. Although it is well-established that subducting slabs supply the primary energy driving most earthquakes, the quantitative relationship between slab dynamics and seismic events remains poorly understood. Here we develop a comprehensive 3D geodynamic model of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction system to quantitatively connect long-term slab dynamics with earthquake activity. Based on an analytical thermal model combined with slab geometry, we find that earthquakes predominantly occur under conditions cooler than  ∼ 900^∘C, defining a thermal boundary for the seismogenic zone. Within this zone, we identify a notable spatial correlation between the modeled energy dissipation rate and the observed distribution of seismicity, indicating that seismicity is intrinsically driven by long-term tectonic deformation. Furthermore, our comparison of the modeled stress state predictions with observed earthquake focal mechanisms reveals that both shallow megathrust and outer-rise earthquakes, as well as deep earthquakes associated with plate bending at the mantle transition zone, can be explained by slab dynamics. By analyzing the misfit between modeled and observed focal mechanisms, we further constrain slab rheology, finding that shallow earthquakes favor a relatively weak slab (yield stress of 100 – 150MPa), while deep earthquakes prefer a stronger slab (300 - 500MPa) accompanied by a 10 – 100–fold viscosity increase at the 660 km phase transition. Taken together, our results underscore the profound link between earthquake occurrence and the large-scale, long-term dynamics of mantle flow and subduction.

全球大部分地震都发生在俯冲带，范围从浅层大逆冲和外隆起地震到深层板内地震。虽然已经确定俯冲板块提供了驱动大多数地震的主要能量，但板块动力学与地震事件之间的定量关系仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们开发了一个全面的伊豆-博宁-马里亚纳俯冲系统的三维地球动力学模型，以定量地将长期的板块动力学与地震活动联系起来。根据结合板几何构造的解析热模型，我们发现地震主要发生在温度低于 ~ 900°C的条件下，从而为发震区定义了热边界。在该区域内，模拟能量耗散率与观测到的地震活动性分布具有显著的空间相关性，表明地震活动性本质上是由长期构造变形驱动的。此外，我们将模拟的应力状态预测与观测到的地震震源机制进行了比较，结果表明，无论是浅层大逆冲和外隆起地震，还是与地幔过渡带板块弯曲相关的深层地震，都可以用板块动力学来解释。通过分析模拟震源机制与观测震源机制之间的不拟合，我们进一步约束了板坯流变，发现浅层地震倾向于相对较弱的板坯（屈服应力为100 - 150MPa），而深层地震倾向于较强的板坯（300 - 500MPa），并在660 km相变处粘度增加10 - 100倍。综上所述，我们的研究结果强调了地震发生与大规模、长期的地幔流动和俯冲动力学之间的深刻联系。

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引用次数: 0

Reply to the comment of Rasmussen et al., on: Evolution of iron formation to ore during Ediacaran to early Paleozoic tectonic stability 回复Rasmussen等人关于埃迪卡拉纪到早古生代构造稳定性的铁形成到矿石的演化的评论

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119865

Anthony J. Fuentes , Liam Courtney-Davies , Rebecca Flowers , Yiming Zhang , Nicholas Swanson-Hysell

引用次数: 0

Unusually tight bending of subducting pacific plate causes the extreme depth of challenger deep 俯冲的太平洋板块异常紧密的弯曲导致了挑战者深处的极端深度

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119886

Jiangyang Zhang , Robert J. Stern , Fan Zhang , Jian Lin , Hongfeng Yang

The Challenger Deep in the southernmost Mariana Trench is the deepest area on Earth, yet the physical cause of its exceptional depth remains debated. Here, we quantify the mechanical factors that produce this extreme trench relief and explain why it occurs there. Bathymetric analysis shows that this segment exhibits a steeper outer-trench slope and tighter plate curvature than both the northern Mariana and other global trenches. Applying a buoyancy-loaded elastic plate bending model constrained by bathymetry and deep slab geometry, we isolate two key controls on trench depth through forward and inversion tests: a reduced near-trench elastic thickness and a moderate slab–mantle density contrast. Additional two-dimensional flexure experiments demonstrate that narrower slab segments experience greater deflection under the same load, implying that limited along-strike width mechanically enhances local bending. This effect is realized in nature by a slab tear near 144°30′ E, which isolates a narrow, weakly anchored slab tip and thereby concentrates curvature at the Challenger Deep. Our results suggest that the extreme depth of the Challenger Deep arises from the combined effects of slab negative buoyancy, lithospheric weakening, and slab segmentation, which together localize flexure to produce the deepest trench on Earth.

位于马里亚纳海沟最南端的挑战者深渊是地球上最深的区域，但其异常深度的物理原因仍然存在争议。在这里，我们量化了产生这种极端海沟起伏的机械因素，并解释了它为什么会发生在那里。水深分析表明，与北马里亚纳海沟和其他全球海沟相比，这一段海沟外坡度更陡，板块曲率更窄。应用受测深和深板块几何约束的浮力载荷弹性板块弯曲模型，我们通过正演和反演测试分离出影响海沟深度的两个关键控制因素：减小的海沟附近弹性厚度和适度的板块-地幔密度对比。另外的二维弯曲实验表明，在相同的荷载下，较窄的板段经历了更大的挠曲，这意味着有限的沿走向宽度在机械上增强了局部弯曲。这种效果在自然界中是通过靠近东经144°30 '的板块撕裂实现的，它隔离了狭窄的、弱锚定的板块尖端，从而集中了挑战者深渊的曲率。我们的研究结果表明，挑战者深的极端深度是板块负浮力、岩石圈减弱和板块分割共同作用的结果，这些共同作用使板块弯曲局部化，形成了地球上最深的海沟。

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引用次数: 0

Two episodes of ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism within one orogenic cycle 一个造山旋回内的两期超高温变质作用

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119887

Jie Dong , Chunjing Wei , Shuguang Song , Guochun Zhao , Guibin Zhang

Ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism (UHTM) is significant for constraining the thermal-mechanical evolution of continental crust, which can periodically occur within one orogenic cycle involving subduction, collision and subsequent extension stages. However, multi-episode UHTM within one orogenic cycle has been rarely reported. Here, we performed a comprehensive investigation of petrography, phase equilibria modelling, and zircon U-Pb dating for felsic and Mg-Fe-Al granulites from the Kunlun-Qaidam Massif in north Qingzang Plateau. Three episodes of metamorphism were inferred, involving two episodes of low pressure (LP)-UHTM intervened by an episode of medium-pressure and high-temperature (MP-HT) metamorphism. The first episode LP-UHTM (I) exhibits peak P–T conditions of 0.5–0.8 GPa/930–1050 °C, occurring at >460 Ma. The second episode MP-HT metamorphism (II) was achieved by compressional cooling from the LP-UHT conditions to MP-HT conditions of >0.9–1.2 GPa/<820–900 °C. This was followed by decompressional heating to another episode of LP-UHTM (III) with conditions of 0.55–0.75 GPa/900–1070 °C at >410 Ma. Combining our metamorphic studies and other geological data, a three-stage tectonic model is proposed: (a) oceanic slab rollback inducing an arc-backarc extension and the LP-UHTM (I) during the late-stage subduction of the Proto-Tethys Ocean; (b) continental subduction-collision leading to the thickening of hot arc-backarc crust and the MP-HT metamorphism (II) after the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean, and (c) post-collisional crustal thinning and mantle upwelling related to lithosphere delamination resulting in the LP-UHTM (III). It is for the first time that we recognize two episodes of LP-UHTM occurring within < 50 Myr in one orogenic cycle.

超高温变质作用（UHTM）对大陆地壳热力学演化具有重要的制约作用，它可以周期性地发生在一个造山旋回内，包括俯冲、碰撞和随后的伸展阶段。然而，在一个造山旋回内发生多期超热热症的报道却很少。本文对青藏高原北部昆仑-柴达木地块长英质和Mg-Fe-Al麻粒岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟和锆石U-Pb定年研究。推断出三期变质作用，包括两期低压(LP)-UHTM变质作用和一期中压高温（MP-HT）变质作用。第一集LP-UHTM (I)表现出0.5-0.8 GPa/ 930-1050°C的峰值P-T条件，发生在>；460 Ma。第二阶段MP-HT变质作用（II）是通过从LP-UHT条件压缩冷却到>； 0.9-1.2 GPa/<； 820-900°C的MP-HT条件实现的。随后减压加热到另一段LP-UHTM (III)，温度为0.55-0.75 GPa/ 900-1070°C，温度为>；410 Ma。结合变质学研究和其他地质资料，提出了三阶段构造模式：(a)原特提斯洋晚期俯冲过程中，洋板回退引起弧后伸展和低-超热缩；(b)原特提斯洋关闭后大陆俯冲碰撞导致热弧-弧后地壳增厚和MP-HT变质作用（II）； (c)碰撞后地壳变薄和地幔上涌导致岩石圈拆沉，形成LP-UHTM （III）。这是我们首次发现在同一个造山旋回中，在50 Myr范围内出现两期LP-UHTM。

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引用次数: 0

Tracking deep mantle heat and volatiles in the Iceland plume from a high-density survey of helium isotopes along the Reykjanes Ridge 通过沿雷克雅内斯山脊的氦同位素高密度调查，追踪冰岛地幔深处的热量和挥发物

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119882

U. Balci , L. Di Nicola , J.G. Fitton , R.N. Taylor , F.M. Stuart

The upwelling mantle plume beneath Iceland flows southwest down the Reykjanes Ridge. Several prominent V-shaped ridges (VSRs) and troughs (VSTs) extend obliquely from the ridge that are believed to result from pulses of hotter plume mantle. The intimate connection between heat and primordial He in the deep mantle means that the mantle beneath the Reykjanes Ridge should have elevated ³He/⁴He. A new high resolution He isotope study of basaltic glasses from southernmost Iceland (63°N) to 55°N along the Reykjanes Ridge demonstrates a broad peak of ³He/⁴He (16.0 R_a) centred around 60°N that coincides with the first topographic high (VSR-1). The magnitude of the He isotope anomaly broadly scales with the excess temperature inferred from crustal thickness. This supports the hypothesis that thickened oceanic crust is a consequence of a pulse of hotter mantle within the upwelling plume that flows down the Reykjanes Ridge. The along-ridge ³He/⁴He peak at 59-62°N is significantly longer (320 km) than the thickened oceanic crust of VSR-1 (60-70 km). This can most simply be explained if the hot mantle blob is surrounded by a high ³He/⁴He mantle carapace that has a temperature similar to the surrounding mantle. As helium diffusion is orders of magnitude slower than heat, this relationship can be most simply explained if the outer region of the hot, He-rich blob has lost heat to the surrounding mantle during transit from the core-mantle boundary, yet retained the deep mantle He isotope fingerprint.

冰岛下方上升流的地幔柱沿着雷克雅内斯山脊向西南方向流动。几个突出的v形脊（VSRs）和槽（VSTs）从脊斜伸出，被认为是由较热的地幔柱脉冲造成的。热与地幔深处原始氦之间的密切联系意味着雷克雅内斯脊下的地幔应该升高了3He/4He。对冰岛最南端（63°N）至55°N的Reykjanes山脊玄武岩玻璃的高分辨率He同位素研究表明，在60°N附近有一个宽的3He/4He （16.0 Ra）峰，与第一个地形高点（VSR-1）一致。氦同位素异常的大小与地壳厚度推断出的过量温度大致一致。这支持了一种假设，即变厚的海洋地壳是由沿雷克雅内斯山脊上涌的羽流中较热的地幔脉冲造成的。沿脊3He/4He峰在59 ~ 62°N明显长于VSR-1增厚洋壳（60 ~ 70 km）（320 km）。最简单的解释是，热的地幔团被高3He/4He的地幔壳所包围，其温度与周围的地幔相似。由于氦的扩散速度比热慢几个数量级，这种关系可以最简单地解释为：热富氦团的外部区域在从核心-地幔边界转移的过程中向周围的地幔失去了热量，但保留了深部地幔的He同位素指纹。

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引用次数: 0

Oxygen vacancy diffusion in davemaoite (CaSiO3 perovskite): Implications for the redox equilibrium and the electrical conductivity of Earth’s lower mantle 钙钛矿（CaSiO3）中的氧空位扩散：对地球下地幔氧化还原平衡和电导率的影响

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2026.119861

Maximilian Schulze, Gerd Steinle-Neumann

Davemaoite (CaSiO₃), a major rock-forming mineral in the Earth’s lower mantle, adopts a perovskite structure, which is known for the rapid diffusion of extrinsic oxygen vacancies (OV). Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with a machine learning potential to systematically investigate extrinsic OV diffusion in davemaoite at lower mantle conditions. We determine diffusion coefficients (D_v) for a series of temperatures along isobars of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 GPa and find that computed diffusivities closely follow an Arrhenian behavior. The pre-exponential factor is pressure independent with

\log D_{v}^{\circ} =

-6.53  ±  0.06 and the activation enthalpy increases nonlinearly with pressure from 0.87 eV to 1.66 eV. On the basis of the Arrhenian model, we predict that D_v decreases throughout the lower mantle by at least one order of magnitude along geotherms representative of the ambient mantle and subducted lithosphere. We argue that despite the high OV diffusivities, the davemaoite component of subducted oceanic crust does not achieve complete redox equilibration with the surrounding mantle on its way to the core-mantle boundary, and that significant redox exchange is limited to the upper parts of the lower mantle. Finally, we provide arguments that the electrical conductivity of most parts of the lower mantle cannot be explained by ionic conductivity and that its electrical conductivity must therefore be determined by iron-induced polaron hopping.

钙钛矿（CaSiO3）是地球下地幔的主要造岩矿物，其结构为钙钛矿，具有快速扩散外在氧空位（OV）的特点。在这里，我们将分子动力学模拟与机器学习潜力相结合，系统地研究了下地幔条件下davemaoite中的外在OV扩散。我们确定了沿等压线25、50、75、100和125 GPa的一系列温度下的扩散系数（Dv），并发现计算得到的扩散系数密切遵循Arrhenian行为。指数前因子与压强无关，logDv°=-6.53 ± 0.06，激活焓随压强非线性增加，从0.87 eV增加到1.66 eV。在阿伦尼模型的基础上，我们预测沿代表环境地幔和俯冲岩石圈的地热，整个下地幔的Dv至少减少一个数量级。我们认为，尽管洋壳的OV扩散系数很高，但俯冲洋壳的橄榄橄榄岩组分在向核幔边界移动的过程中并没有与周围地幔实现完全的氧化还原平衡，明显的氧化还原交换仅限于下地幔的上部。最后，我们提出的论点是，下地幔大部分地区的电导率不能用离子电导率来解释，因此其电导率必须由铁诱导的极化子跳变来确定。

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