Tunable moiré materials for probing Berry physics and topology

IF 79.8 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI:10.1038/s41578-024-00671-4
Pratap Chandra Adak, Subhajit Sinha, Amit Agarwal, Mandar M. Deshmukh
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Abstract

Berry curvature physics and quantum geometric effects have been instrumental in advancing topological condensed matter physics in recent decades. Although Landau level-based flat bands and conventional 3D solids have been pivotal in exploring rich topological phenomena, they are constrained by their limited ability to undergo dynamic tuning. By stark contrast, moiré systems have risen as a versatile platform for engineering bands and manipulating the distribution of Berry curvature in momentum space. These moiré systems not only harbour tunable topological bands, modifiable through a plethora of parameters, but also provide unprecedented access to large length scales and low energy scales. Furthermore, they offer unique opportunities stemming from the symmetry-breaking mechanisms and electron correlations associated with the underlying flat bands that are beyond the reach of conventional crystalline solids. A diverse array of tools, encompassing quantum electron transport in both linear and nonlinear response regimes and optical excitation techniques, provide direct avenues for investigating Berry physics in these materials. This Review navigates the evolving landscape of tunable moiré materials, highlighting recent experimental breakthroughs in the field of topological physics. Additionally, we delineate the most pressing challenges and offer insights into promising avenues for future research. Moiré materials are a versatile and tunable platform that offers a wide variety of lattice constants, energy scales and symmetries, leading to a rich interplay of electron correlations and topology. This Review summarizes recent breakthroughs in topological and Berry physics in moiré materials.

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用于探测贝里物理学和拓扑学的可调谐摩尔纹材料
近几十年来,贝里曲率物理学和量子几何效应在推进拓扑凝聚态物理学方面发挥了重要作用。虽然基于朗道水平的平面带和传统的三维固体在探索丰富的拓扑现象方面发挥了关键作用,但它们受限于有限的动态调整能力。与此形成鲜明对比的是,摩尔纹系统已成为工程带和操纵动量空间贝里曲率分布的多功能平台。这些莫伊里系统不仅拥有可调拓扑带,可通过大量参数进行修改,而且还提供了前所未有的大长度尺度和低能量尺度的通道。此外,它们还提供了独特的机会,这些机会源于与底层平面带相关的对称性破坏机制和电子相关性,这是传统晶体固体所无法企及的。各种工具,包括线性和非线性响应机制中的量子电子传输以及光学激发技术,为研究这些材料中的贝里物理学提供了直接途径。本综述介绍了可调摩尔纹材料不断发展的情况,重点介绍了拓扑物理学领域的最新实验突破。此外,我们还描述了最紧迫的挑战,并对未来研究的前景提出了见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Materials
Nature Reviews Materials Materials Science-Biomaterials
CiteScore
119.40
自引率
0.40%
发文量
107
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Materials is an online-only journal that is published weekly. It covers a wide range of scientific disciplines within materials science. The journal includes Reviews, Perspectives, and Comments. Nature Reviews Materials focuses on various aspects of materials science, including the making, measuring, modelling, and manufacturing of materials. It examines the entire process of materials science, from laboratory discovery to the development of functional devices.
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