{"title":"Nutritional risks and consequences of meat-only diets for dogs and cats","authors":"","doi":"10.51585/gjvr.2024.1.0076","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Suitable nutrition is one of the most significant issues that always needs to be considered in the health mainte-nance of living beings. One of the misconcep-tions of many societies is the exclusive feeding of meat to cats and dogs. Dogs and cats are carnivorous animals; more specifically, cats are strict or true carni-vores, while dogs are omnivores. Although cats are true carni-vores, an exclusive diet of meat will not cover their needs. Wholly meat-based diets might be rich in many nutri-ents and minerals, but they are poor in digesti-ble carbohydrates and fiber. Lack of carbohy-drates can cause gas-trointestinal problems and diarrhea. Also, due to hypovitaminosis A and D caused by such diets, skeletal diseases can be one of the seri-ous consequences. High dietary phosphate > 11.8 g in dry matter (DM) reduces renal phosphate reabsorption and increases vulnera-bility to chronic kidney disease. As phosphate excretion and reduction of calcium reabsorption continue, bone decom-position, symptoms of osteoporosis, and sec-ondary hyperparathy-roidism occur. In wholly meat-based canine di-ets, a lack of carbohy-drates compels the an-imal to use protein in the gluconeogenesis process to produce glu-cose. As a result, the body goes through pro-tein deficiency and its side effects. To main-tain digestive system health and prevent diar-rhea, the diet must in-clude soluble fiber. Al-so, the presence of car-bohydrates and fats is essential. Preserving the correct calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) can be solved by adding carbohydrates or using meats with a lower phosphorus content.","PeriodicalId":496728,"journal":{"name":"German journal of veterinary research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"German journal of veterinary research","FirstCategoryId":"0","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.51585/gjvr.2024.1.0076","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Suitable nutrition is one of the most significant issues that always needs to be considered in the health mainte-nance of living beings. One of the misconcep-tions of many societies is the exclusive feeding of meat to cats and dogs. Dogs and cats are carnivorous animals; more specifically, cats are strict or true carni-vores, while dogs are omnivores. Although cats are true carni-vores, an exclusive diet of meat will not cover their needs. Wholly meat-based diets might be rich in many nutri-ents and minerals, but they are poor in digesti-ble carbohydrates and fiber. Lack of carbohy-drates can cause gas-trointestinal problems and diarrhea. Also, due to hypovitaminosis A and D caused by such diets, skeletal diseases can be one of the seri-ous consequences. High dietary phosphate > 11.8 g in dry matter (DM) reduces renal phosphate reabsorption and increases vulnera-bility to chronic kidney disease. As phosphate excretion and reduction of calcium reabsorption continue, bone decom-position, symptoms of osteoporosis, and sec-ondary hyperparathy-roidism occur. In wholly meat-based canine di-ets, a lack of carbohy-drates compels the an-imal to use protein in the gluconeogenesis process to produce glu-cose. As a result, the body goes through pro-tein deficiency and its side effects. To main-tain digestive system health and prevent diar-rhea, the diet must in-clude soluble fiber. Al-so, the presence of car-bohydrates and fats is essential. Preserving the correct calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) can be solved by adding carbohydrates or using meats with a lower phosphorus content.
适当的营养是维护生物健康始终需要考虑的最重要问题之一。许多社会的误解之一是只给猫和狗吃肉。猫和狗都是肉食动物,更确切地说,猫是严格或真正的肉食动物,而狗则是杂食动物。虽然猫是真正的肉食动物,但只吃肉并不能满足它们的需要。完全以肉类为主的食物可能富含多种营养素和矿物质,但却缺乏易消化的碳水化合物和纤维。缺乏碳水化合物会导致肠胃气胀和腹泻。此外,由于这类膳食造成维生素 A 和 D 过低,骨骼疾病也可能是严重后果之一。干物质(DM)中磷酸盐含量大于 11.8 克的高日粮会降低肾脏对磷酸盐的重吸收,增加患慢性肾病的几率。随着磷酸盐排泄和钙重吸收的持续减少,会出现骨质疏松、骨质疏松症状和继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。在完全以肉类为基础的犬饲料中,碳水化合物的缺乏迫使动物在糖元生成过程中使用蛋白质来产生葡萄糖。因此,身体会出现蛋白质缺乏症及其副作用。为了保持消化系统健康和预防腹泻,饮食中必须包括可溶性纤维。因此,碳水化合物和脂肪也必不可少。保持正确的钙磷比例(Ca:P)可以通过添加碳水化合物或使用磷含量较低的肉类来解决。