Selection of pollinators for promising large­fruited varieties of sweet cherry Cerasus avium (L.) Moenh in Forest­Steppe conditions

O. Kishchak, A. V. Slobodianiuk
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Abstract

Purpose. Selection of effective pollinators for promising large­fruited sweet cherry varieties in the Forest­Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory and analytical methods were used in the research. Pollen viability and self­fertility were determined in 29 varieties of different ripening periods. Pollinators were selected for the group of medium­late and late varieties (‘Krupnoplidna’, ‘Talisman’, ‘Stark Hardy Giant’, ‘Anons’, ‘Temporion’, ‘Zodiak’, ‘Annushka’, ‘Anshlah’ and ‘Regina’). The surveys were carried out in accordance with the approved scientific and methodological recommendations. Results. In the group of early varieties, the highest pollen quality (77.9%) was produced by ‘Valerii Chkalov’; among the varieties of medium ripening period – ‘Talisman’ (control) (87.3%), ‘Yaroslavna’ (78.8%) and ‘Melitopolska Myrna’ (86.7%); medium late and late – ‘Drogan’s grosse gelbe’, ‘Kordia’, ‘Regina’, ‘Zodiac’ and ‘Annushka’ (80.9–88.0%). A full crop of all the varieties studied can only be guaranteed under the condition of cross­pollination. The highest level of fruit set (47.9–56.1%) in ‘Talisman’, ‘Temporion’, ‘Stark Hardy Giant’ and ‘Anshlah’ was due to pollen of ‘Krupnoplidna’. Conclusions. The versatility of ‘Donchanka’ as a pollinator was revealed. When it was used, fruit set in relation to free pollination was 111.2–148.8%. ‘Krupnoplidna’ and ‘Stark Hardy Giant’ proved to be mutual pollinators and effective pollinators for the vast majority of varieties. The variety ‘Regina’ was best pollinated by ‘Donchanka’ and ‘Drogan’s grosse gelbe’ with fruit set of 24–26.6% and 134.8–149.4% respectively compared to the control.
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为森林草原条件下有前途的大果甜樱桃 Cerasus avium (L.) Moenh 挑选授粉者
目的。为乌克兰森林草原有前途的大果甜樱桃品种选择有效的授粉媒介。方法。研究采用了田间、实验室和分析方法。对不同成熟期的 29 个品种的花粉活力和自花授粉率进行了测定。为中晚熟品种组('Krupnoplidna'、'Talisman'、'Stark Hardy Giant'、'Anons'、'Temporion'、'Zodiak'、'Annushka'、'Anshlah'和'Regina')选择了授粉者。调查是按照经批准的科学和方法建议进行的。结果在早熟品种组中,'Valerii Chkalov'的花粉质量最高(77.9%);在中熟期品种中--'Talisman'(对照)(87.3%)、'Yaroslavna'(78.8%)和'Melitopolska Myrna'(86.7%);中晚熟--'Drogan's grosse gelbe'、'Kordia'、'Regina'、'Zodiac'和'Annushka'(80.9-88.0%)。只有在异花授粉的条件下,才能保证所研究的所有品种都能丰产。Talisman"、"Temporion"、"Stark Hardy Giant "和 "Anshlah "的最高坐果率(47.9-56.1%)来自 "Krupnoplidna "的花粉。结论Donchanka'作为授粉媒介的多功能性得到了揭示。使用'Donchanka'授粉时,自由授粉的坐果率为 111.2-148.8%。事实证明,'Krupnoplidna'和'Stark Hardy Giant'是绝大多数品种的相互授粉者和有效授粉者。与对照相比,'Donchanka'和'Drogan's grosse gelbe'对品种'Regina'的授粉效果最好,坐果率分别为 24-26.6%和 134.8-149.4%。
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发文量
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审稿时长
26 weeks
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