Effect of PCV-2 Vaccination on Cytokines Gene Expression Profile in Wild Boar Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells after Stimulation with Mycobacteria Antigens

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI:10.1155/2024/7308995

Rocío Holgado-Martín, David Risco, Alfredo García-Sánchez, Remigio Martínez-Pérez, José Manuel Benítez-Medina, Alfonso Ramos, Javier Hermoso-De Mendoza, Luis Gómez

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Abstract

Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a common wild ungulate known as the most important reservoir of tuberculosis (TB) in Spain. The severity of TB lesions in this species and the high prevalence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) have been related. PCV-2 is ubiquitous in swine populations, being usual for the free-living ones the contact with this agent. Recent studies found a correlation between a decrease of generalised TB prevalence in wild boar populations and the PCV-2-vaccination. The aim of this study was to find out if PCV-2 vaccination modulates the gene expression of cytokines from immune cells after its exposition with mycobacterial antigens using an in vitro methodology. A total of 46 wild boars from a PCV-2 infection endemic area were blood-sampled before and after the PCV-2 vaccination of 22 of them. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained and isolated from these samples. Aliquots of the cells were in vitro cultured and respectively stimulated with PPDa, PPDb, and a mitogen. A complete analysis of the gene expression of cytokines from the cultured PBMC was carried out. Also, Mycobacterium bovis and PCV-2 contacts were revealed by ELISA and/or qPCR. The results demonstrated that the animals which have had contact with PCV-2 and had been vaccinated, manifested a significant decrease in gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, like interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, possibly related with the severity of TB lesions, and also a significant decrease of interleukin 10, a key cytokine. In conclusion, in case of possible infection or contact events with the virus, PCV-2 vaccination could be an effective measure to reduce the TB severity in wild boar populations, which could decrease the intra and interspecies transmission of TB.

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接种 PCV-2 疫苗对分枝杆菌抗原刺激野猪外周血单核细胞细胞因子基因表达谱的影响

野猪（Sus scrofa）是一种常见的野生动物，被称为西班牙最重要的结核病（TB）贮藏库。该物种结核病病变的严重程度与猪圆环病毒 2 型（PCV-2）的高流行率有关。PCV-2 在猪群中无处不在，自由生活的猪通常都会接触到这种病毒。最近的研究发现，野猪群体中结核病发病率的下降与 PCV-2 疫苗接种有关。本研究的目的是通过体外方法了解 PCV-2 疫苗接种是否会调节免疫细胞与分枝杆菌抗原接触后的细胞因子基因表达。在其中 22 头野猪接种 PCV-2 疫苗前后，对来自 PCV-2 感染流行区的 46 头野猪进行了血液采样。从这些样本中获得并分离出外周血单核细胞（PBMC）。对等量的细胞进行体外培养，并分别用 PPDa、PPDb 和一种有丝分裂原进行刺激。对培养的 PBMC 中细胞因子的基因表达进行了全面分析。此外，还通过 ELISA 和/或 qPCR 检测了分枝杆菌和 PCV-2 的接触情况。结果表明，接触过 PCV-2 并接种过疫苗的动物，其促炎性细胞因子（如白细胞介素 1 beta、白细胞介素 6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α）的基因表达明显减少，这可能与结核病灶的严重程度有关，而且白细胞介素 10（一种关键的细胞因子）也明显减少。总之，在可能感染或接触病毒的情况下，接种 PCV-2 疫苗是降低野猪群体结核病严重程度的有效措施，可减少结核病的种内和种间传播。

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.