Enhancement on physicomechanical properties of short-rotation teak woods by non-biocide chemical and thermal treatments

E. Basri, I. Rahayu, Saefudin, Adi Santoso, I. M. Sulastiningsih, R. Damayanti, Resa Martha, Wayan Darmawan
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Abstract

Lactic acid (LA), citric acid (CA), and glycerol (G) are renewable and environmentally friendly chemicals that could improve the qualities of short-rotation teak (SRT) woods. This study investigated the effect of thermal and chemical modification using 20% aqueous solutions (w/w) of LA, CA, and G and their mixtures in the same composition on physical and mechanical properties of SRT teak wood. The impregnation process was initiated by vacuum process for 1 h and pressure (12.2 bar) for 2 h, followed by thermal (150 °C) treatment for 6 h on the SRT wood samples after being removed from the vacuum-pressure tube. Retention (R), weight percent gain (WPG), density (D), anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), leachability (WL), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR) were measured. FTIR spectrometry and SEM analyses were performed. The wood impregnated with a mixture of 10% LA + 10% CA provided the highest ASE values of 50.1%, and the lowest leaching resistance of 1.54%. Based on wood strengths (MOE and MOR) and physical properties, as well as supported by FTIR and SEM analysis, the use of 10% LA + 10% CA is the most prospective as an impregnant formula for SRT wood modification of this research.
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通过非杀菌剂化学处理和热处理提高短轮柚木的物理力学性能
乳酸(LA)、柠檬酸(CA)和甘油(G)是可再生的环保型化学品,可改善短轮柚木(SRT)的品质。本研究调查了使用 20% 的 LA、CA 和 G 水溶液(重量比)及其相同成分的混合物进行热和化学改性对 SRT 柚木物理和机械性能的影响。在浸渍过程中,先进行 1 小时的真空处理和 2 小时的加压(12.2 巴)处理,然后在 SRT 木材样品上进行 6 小时的热处理(150 °C),最后将其从真空加压管中取出。测量了保留率 (R)、增重率 (WPG)、密度 (D)、抗膨胀效率 (ASE)、浸出率 (WL)、弹性模量 (MOE) 和断裂模量 (MOR)。还进行了傅立叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜分析。用 10% LA + 10% CA 混合物浸渍的木材的 ASE 值最高,为 50.1%,抗浸出性最低,为 1.54%。根据木材的强度(MOE 和 MOR)和物理性能,并在傅立叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜分析的支持下,使用 10% LA + 10% CA 作为 SRT 木材改性的浸渍剂配方最有前景。
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