Establishing Recapitulation as a Unique and Fully-Fledged Atonement Model

Abstract

The recapitulation theme, which focuses on Jesus as the obedient Second Adam, provides insight into many theological topics. When examined in relation to the atonement though, it is regularly deemed insufficient to construct a fully developed model because it emphasises Jesus’s obedient Incarnation and life, which seemingly makes his death insignificant. Consequently, recapitulation concepts are often combined with other atonement theories to gain validity. In contrast, this article argues recapitulation theology can create a fully-fledged atonement model that makes Jesus’s death on the cross essential because his willing obedience towards God is only complete when he endures unto death. Furthermore, the cross signals total rejection of the innocent Jesus, which makes his crucifixion the climax of the biblical pattern where God’s obedient messengers are rejected.