František Mihok, Gabriela Hricková, V. Puchý, Juraj Szabó, Beáta Ballóková, R. Džunda, Karel Saksl
{"title":"Effect of Multiple Doping Elements on Polarity Switching of Polycrystalline SnSe Semiconductor","authors":"František Mihok, Gabriela Hricková, V. Puchý, Juraj Szabó, Beáta Ballóková, R. Džunda, Karel Saksl","doi":"10.3390/inorganics12040103","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Material selection for thermoelectric modules and generators presents a considerable challenge. In commercially available thermoelectric generators, alloys with a high percentage of doping element are used to achieve different semiconductor polarity. This introduces mechanical stresses to the system due to the varying thermal expansion rates. Previous studies have demonstrated that the semiconductor polarity of SnSe alloys can be altered through Sb or Bi doping. This paper outlines a modified, scalable and cost-effective direct synthesis process for SnSe alloys, employing Sb, Bi, Ag, Ni, In and Mg as dopants. Polarity switching in the synthesized materials was observed with Bi doping, occurring in similar regions as observed with monocrystalline Sb. Additionally, In doping led to a significant increase in the Seebeck coefficient. Doping elements exhibited minimal influence on the crystal lattice of the material, with only minor shifts in lattice parameters noted. Crystallography analysis revealed a significant preferred orientation, consistent with the material’s documented propensity to form and align in layers, a characteristic observable even to the naked eye and confirmed through optical and electron microscopy. Furthermore, we have developed and thoroughly calibrated an in-house apparatus for determining the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric materials, based on the already published methodology, which describes a method for determining the electrical conductivity of disk- and rod-shaped samples.","PeriodicalId":13572,"journal":{"name":"Inorganics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inorganics","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12040103","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Material selection for thermoelectric modules and generators presents a considerable challenge. In commercially available thermoelectric generators, alloys with a high percentage of doping element are used to achieve different semiconductor polarity. This introduces mechanical stresses to the system due to the varying thermal expansion rates. Previous studies have demonstrated that the semiconductor polarity of SnSe alloys can be altered through Sb or Bi doping. This paper outlines a modified, scalable and cost-effective direct synthesis process for SnSe alloys, employing Sb, Bi, Ag, Ni, In and Mg as dopants. Polarity switching in the synthesized materials was observed with Bi doping, occurring in similar regions as observed with monocrystalline Sb. Additionally, In doping led to a significant increase in the Seebeck coefficient. Doping elements exhibited minimal influence on the crystal lattice of the material, with only minor shifts in lattice parameters noted. Crystallography analysis revealed a significant preferred orientation, consistent with the material’s documented propensity to form and align in layers, a characteristic observable even to the naked eye and confirmed through optical and electron microscopy. Furthermore, we have developed and thoroughly calibrated an in-house apparatus for determining the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric materials, based on the already published methodology, which describes a method for determining the electrical conductivity of disk- and rod-shaped samples.
期刊介绍:
Inorganics is an open access journal that covers all aspects of inorganic chemistry research. Topics include but are not limited to: synthesis and characterization of inorganic compounds, complexes and materials structure and bonding in inorganic molecular and solid state compounds spectroscopic, magnetic, physical and chemical properties of inorganic compounds chemical reactivity, physical properties and applications of inorganic compounds and materials mechanisms of inorganic reactions organometallic compounds inorganic cluster chemistry heterogenous and homogeneous catalytic reactions promoted by inorganic compounds thermodynamics and kinetics of significant new and known inorganic compounds supramolecular systems and coordination polymers bio-inorganic chemistry and applications of inorganic compounds in biological systems and medicine environmental and sustainable energy applications of inorganic compounds and materials MD