iPhone-Based Cartilage Topography Scanning Yields Similar Results to Computed Tomography Scanning

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of 3-dimensional (3D) iPhone scans using commercially available applications compared with computed tomography (CT) for mapping chondral surface topography of the knee.

Methods

Ten cadaveric dysplastic trochleae, 16 patellae, and 24 distal femoral condyles (DFCs) underwent CT scans and 3D scans using 3 separate optical scanning applications on an iPhone X. The 3D surface models were compared by measuring surface-to-surface least distance distribution of overlapped models using a validated 3D-3D registration volume merge method. The absolute least mean square distances for the iPhone-generated models from each scanning application were calculated in comparison to CT models using a point-to-surface distance algorithm allowing regional “inside/outside” measurement of the absolute distance between models.

Results

Only 1 of the 3 scanning applications created models usable for quantitative analysis. Overall, there was a median absolute least mean square distance between the usable model and CT-generated models of 0.18 mm. The trochlea group had a significantly lower median absolute least mean square distance compared with the DFC group (0.14 mm [interquartile range, 0.13-0.17] vs 0.19 mm [0.17-0.25], P = .002). iPhone models were smaller compared with CT models (negative signed distances) for all trochleae, 83% of DFCs, and 69% of patellae.

Conclusions

In this study, we found minimal differences between a 3D iPhone scanning application and conventional CT scanning when analyzing surface topography.

Clinical Relevance

Emerging 3D iPhone scanning technology can create accurate, inexpensive, real-time 3D models of the intended target. Surface topography evaluation may be useful in graft selection during surgical procedures such as osteochondral allograft transplantation.

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基于 iPhone 的软骨地形扫描与 CT 扫描结果相似
目的 与计算机断层扫描(CT)相比,研究使用市售应用软件对 iPhone 进行三维(3D)扫描绘制膝关节软骨表面地形图的可行性和准确性。方法在 iPhone X 上使用 3 个独立的光学扫描应用程序对 10 个尸体发育不良的套骨、16 个髌骨和 24 个股骨远端髁(DFC)进行 CT 扫描和三维扫描。使用点到面距离算法计算每个扫描应用程序生成的 iPhone 模型与 CT 模型的绝对最小均方距离,从而对模型之间的绝对距离进行区域 "内部/外部 "测量。总体而言,可用模型与 CT 生成模型之间的绝对最小均方距离中位数为 0.18 毫米。所有套骨、83% 的 DFC 和 69% 的髌骨的 iPhone 模型都比 CT 模型小(负符号距离)。结论在这项研究中,我们发现在分析表面形貌时,3D iPhone 扫描应用与传统 CT 扫描之间的差异很小。在骨软骨异体移植等手术过程中,表面形貌评估可能有助于选择移植物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
218
审稿时长
45 weeks
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