Long COVID Characteristics and Experience: A Descriptive Study From the Yale LISTEN Research Cohort

IF 5.3 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL American Journal of Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.04.015

Mitsuaki Sawano MD, PhD , Yilun Wu , Rishi M. Shah , Tianna Zhou , Adith S. Arun , Pavan Khosla , Shayaan Kaleem , Anushree Vashist , Bornali Bhattacharjee MS, PhD , Qinglan Ding PhD , Yuan Lu ScD , César Caraballo MD , Frederick Warner PhD , Chenxi Huang PhD , Jeph Herrin PhD , David Putrino PhD , Teresa Michelsen PhD , Liza Fisher , Cynthia Adinig , Akiko Iwasaki PhD , Harlan M. Krumholz MD, SM

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Abstract

Background

The experience of people with long COVID needs further amplification, especially with a comprehensive focus on symptomatology, treatments, and the impact on daily life and finances. Our intent is to describe the experience of people with long COVID symptomatology and characterize the psychological, social, and financial challenges they experience.

Methods

We collected data from individuals aged 18 and older reporting long COVID as participants in the Yale Listen to Immune, Symptom and Treatment Experiences Now study. The sample population included 441 participants surveyed between May 2022 and July 2023. We evaluated their demographic characteristics, socioeconomic and psychological status, index infection period, health status, quality of life, symptoms, treatments, prepandemic comorbidities, and new-onset conditions.

Results

Overall, the median age of the participants with long COVID was 46 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 38-57 years); 74% were women, 86% were non-Hispanic White, and 93% were from the United States. Participants reported a low health status measured by the Euro-QoL visual analog scale, with a median score of 49 (IQR: 32-61). Participants documented a diverse range of symptoms, with all 96 possible symptom choices being reported. Additionally, participants had tried many treatments (median number of treatments: 19, IQR: 12-28). They were also experiencing psychological distress, social isolation, and financial stress.

Conclusions

Despite having tried numerous treatments, participants with long COVID continued to experience an array of health and financial challenges—findings that underscore the failure of the healthcare system to address the medical needs of people with long COVID. These insights highlight the need for crucial medical, mental health, financial, and community support services, as well as further scientific investigation to address the complex impact of long COVID.

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长期 COVID 特征和经验：耶鲁大学 LISTEN 研究队列的描述性研究。

长期感染COVID的人的经历需要进一步扩大，特别是要全面关注症状、治疗以及对日常生活和财务的影响。我们的目的是描述患有长期COVID症状的人的经历，并描述他们所经历的心理、社会和经济挑战。方法：我们收集了18岁及以上的人的数据，这些人是耶鲁大学“倾听免疫、症状和治疗经历”研究的参与者。在2022年5月至2023年7月期间接受调查的样本人群包括441名参与者。我们评估了他们的人口统计学特征、社会经济和心理状况、指数感染期、健康状况、生活质量、症状、治疗、大流行前合并症和新发疾病。结果总体而言，长冠肺炎患者的中位年龄为46岁（四分位数间距[IQR]: 38 ~ 57岁）；其中74%为女性，86%为非西班牙裔白人，93%来自美国。参与者报告的Euro-QoL视觉模拟量表测量的健康状况较低，中位数得分为49 （IQR: 32-61）。参与者记录了各种各样的症状，报告了所有96种可能的症状选择。此外，参与者尝试了许多治疗方法（治疗次数中位数：19，IQR: 12-28）。他们还经历了心理困扰、社会孤立和经济压力。尽管尝试了多种治疗方法，但长冠状病毒感染者仍然面临一系列健康和财务挑战，这些发现突显了医疗系统未能满足长冠状病毒感染者的医疗需求。这些见解突出表明，需要提供关键的医疗、心理健康、金融和社区支持服务，以及进一步的科学调查，以应对长期COVID的复杂影响。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Medicine 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

3.40%

发文量

449

审稿时长

9 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Medicine - "The Green Journal" - publishes original clinical research of interest to physicians in internal medicine, both in academia and community-based practice. AJM is the official journal of the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine, a prestigious group comprising internal medicine department chairs at more than 125 medical schools across the U.S. Each issue carries useful reviews as well as seminal articles of immediate interest to the practicing physician, including peer-reviewed, original scientific studies that have direct clinical significance and position papers on health care issues, medical education, and public policy.