{"title":"Open-Endedness in Genelife","authors":"Norman H. Packard, John S. McCaskill","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00426","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We explore the open-ended nature of evolution in Genelife, an evolutionary extension of Conway’s Game of Life cellular automaton in which “live” cell states are endowed at birth with a genome that affects their local dynamics and can be inherited. Both genetic sequences and locally connected spatial patterns are analyzed for novelty, keeping track of all new structures, and innovation is quantified using activity statistics. The impacts of both spatial symmetry breaking with nontotalistic rules and superimposed density regulation of the live state proliferation on the open-ended nature of the evolution are explored. Conditions are found where both genetic and spatial patterns exhibit open-ended innovation. This innovation appears to fall short of functional biological innovation, however, and potential reasons for this are discussed.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Artificial Life","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00426","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
We explore the open-ended nature of evolution in Genelife, an evolutionary extension of Conway’s Game of Life cellular automaton in which “live” cell states are endowed at birth with a genome that affects their local dynamics and can be inherited. Both genetic sequences and locally connected spatial patterns are analyzed for novelty, keeping track of all new structures, and innovation is quantified using activity statistics. The impacts of both spatial symmetry breaking with nontotalistic rules and superimposed density regulation of the live state proliferation on the open-ended nature of the evolution are explored. Conditions are found where both genetic and spatial patterns exhibit open-ended innovation. This innovation appears to fall short of functional biological innovation, however, and potential reasons for this are discussed.
期刊介绍：
Artificial Life, launched in the fall of 1993, has become the unifying forum for the exchange of scientific information on the study of artificial systems that exhibit the behavioral characteristics of natural living systems, through the synthesis or simulation using computational (software), robotic (hardware), and/or physicochemical (wetware) means. Each issue features cutting-edge research on artificial life that advances the state-of-the-art of our knowledge about various aspects of living systems such as:
Artificial chemistry and the origins of life
Self-assembly, growth, and development
Self-replication and self-repair
Systems and synthetic biology
Perception, cognition, and behavior
Embodiment and enactivism
Collective behaviors of swarms
Evolutionary and ecological dynamics
Open-endedness and creativity
Social organization and cultural evolution
Societal and technological implications
Philosophy and aesthetics
Applications to biology, medicine, business, education, or entertainment.
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