Characterization of TiO2 nanoparticles for nanomaterial applications: Crystallite size, microstrain and phase analysis using multiple techniques

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101168

Sukarman , Budi Kristiawan , Khoirudin , Amri Abdulah , Koji Enoki , Agung Tri Wijayanta

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Abstract

This study aimed to verify the suitability of TiO₂ nanoparticles as nanomaterials in terms of crystallite size, microstrain and phase. The TiO₂ nanoparticles were tested experimentally in suspensions of mono ethylene glycol and distilled water (MEG-DW) at ratios of 10:90, 25:75, and 40:60. The nanoparticles were dispersed in the base liquid via a two-step process, resulting in the formation of TiO₂-3%/MEG-10, TiO₂-3%/MEG-25, and TiO₂-3%/MEG-40 nanofluids. The results revealed average crystallite sizes of approximately 20.10, 22.10, and 39.6 nm for the three nanofluid samples, as determined by the Scherrer equation, Williamson–Hall (W–H) plot, and TEM-ImageJ software. These results confirm that the TiO₂ nanoparticles meet the nanomaterial criteria with a sub-100 nm size. The microstrain analysis yielded values of 0.000020, 0.000299, and 0.001386 for the three samples and further investigation confirmed the presence of rutile. The high-temperature stability of the rutile phase makes the TiO₂ nanofluids suitable for use in industrial heating systems.

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用于纳米材料应用的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的表征：使用多种技术进行晶体尺寸、微应变和相分析

本研究旨在验证二氧化钛纳米颗粒作为纳米材料在晶粒尺寸、微应变和相位方面的适用性。在单乙二醇和蒸馏水（MEG-DW）比例为 10:90、25:75 和 40:60 的悬浮液中对二氧化钛纳米粒子进行了实验测试。通过两步法将纳米粒子分散在基液中，形成了 TiO2-3%/MEG-10、TiO2-3%/MEG-25 和 TiO2-3%/MEG-40 纳米流体。通过舍勒方程、Williamson-Hall (W-H) 图和 TEM-ImageJ 软件测定，结果显示三种纳米流体样品的平均晶粒大小分别约为 20.10、22.10 和 39.6 纳米。这些结果证实，TiO2 纳米粒子符合纳米材料标准，尺寸小于 100 nm。三个样品的微应变分析值分别为 0.000020、0.000299 和 0.001386，进一步研究证实了金红石的存在。金红石相的高温稳定性使二氧化钛纳米流体适用于工业加热系统。

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来源期刊

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects Physics and Astronomy-Condensed Matter Physics

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

22 days

期刊介绍： Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects is a new journal devoted to all aspects of the synthesis and the properties of this new flourishing domain. The journal is devoted to novel architectures at the nano-level with an emphasis on new synthesis and characterization methods. The journal is focused on the objects rather than on their applications. However, the research for new applications of original nano-structures & nano-objects in various fields such as nano-electronics, energy conversion, catalysis, drug delivery and nano-medicine is also welcome. The scope of Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects involves: -Metal and alloy nanoparticles with complex nanostructures such as shape control, core-shell and dumbells -Oxide nanoparticles and nanostructures, with complex oxide/metal, oxide/surface and oxide /organic interfaces -Inorganic semi-conducting nanoparticles (quantum dots) with an emphasis on new phases, structures, shapes and complexity -Nanostructures involving molecular inorganic species such as nanoparticles of coordination compounds, molecular magnets, spin transition nanoparticles etc. or organic nano-objects, in particular for molecular electronics -Nanostructured materials such as nano-MOFs and nano-zeolites -Hetero-junctions between molecules and nano-objects, between different nano-objects & nanostructures or between nano-objects & nanostructures and surfaces -Methods of characterization specific of the nano size or adapted for the nano size such as X-ray and neutron scattering, light scattering, NMR, Raman, Plasmonics, near field microscopies, various TEM and SEM techniques, magnetic studies, etc .