T. Zibar Belasic , M. Badnjevic , M. Zigante , B. Mohar Vitezic , S. Spalj , E.P. Markova-Car
{"title":"Supragingival dental biofilm profile and biofilm control during orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"T. Zibar Belasic , M. Badnjevic , M. Zigante , B. Mohar Vitezic , S. Spalj , E.P. Markova-Car","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105984","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The effectiveness of supragingival dental biofilm control during orthodontic treatment and changes in the bacterial profile were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Sixty-four participants aged 12–22 years (57% female) were included in the study. Participants underwent orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and were randomly assigned to one of the three groups, which during a period of one month: (I) used chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), (II) used high concentration of fluoride (F) gel and (III) performed standard oral hygiene. The plaque and gingivitis index, pH of biofilm and white spot lesions (WSL) were assessed. Changes of the bacteria in the biofilm were analyzed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Increase in the plaque index, pH of biofilm, and WSL was observed during orthodontic treatment with standard oral hygiene. Large interindividual variability was present, and the effects of one-month use of fluorides and CHX on clinical parameters were not significant. Despite standard hygiene the abundance of studied biofilm bacteria increased - the most <em>Streptoccocus mutans</em> (14.2x) and <em>S. salivarius</em> (3.3x), moderate <em>Veillonella parvula</em> (3x) and the least <em>S. sobrinus</em> (2.3x) and <em>Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</em> (1.9x). The use of CHX reduced <em>S. sobrinus</em> (2.2x) and <em>A. actinomycetemcomitans</em> (1.9x). Fluoride use reduced <em>A. actinomycetemcomitans</em> (1.3x) and <em>S. sobrinus</em> (1.2x). Fluorides better controlled <em>S. mutans</em> than CHX.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Bacterial biomass in supragingival biofilm increased during treatment with metal orthodontic appliances, with greater increase in cariogenic bacteria than periopathogens. Fluoride controlled <em>S. mutans</em>, while CHX <em>S. sobrinus</em> and <em>A. actinomycetemcomitans</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of oral biology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003996924001055","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
The effectiveness of supragingival dental biofilm control during orthodontic treatment and changes in the bacterial profile were analyzed.
Design
Sixty-four participants aged 12–22 years (57% female) were included in the study. Participants underwent orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and were randomly assigned to one of the three groups, which during a period of one month: (I) used chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), (II) used high concentration of fluoride (F) gel and (III) performed standard oral hygiene. The plaque and gingivitis index, pH of biofilm and white spot lesions (WSL) were assessed. Changes of the bacteria in the biofilm were analyzed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Results
Increase in the plaque index, pH of biofilm, and WSL was observed during orthodontic treatment with standard oral hygiene. Large interindividual variability was present, and the effects of one-month use of fluorides and CHX on clinical parameters were not significant. Despite standard hygiene the abundance of studied biofilm bacteria increased - the most Streptoccocus mutans (14.2x) and S. salivarius (3.3x), moderate Veillonella parvula (3x) and the least S. sobrinus (2.3x) and Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (1.9x). The use of CHX reduced S. sobrinus (2.2x) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (1.9x). Fluoride use reduced A. actinomycetemcomitans (1.3x) and S. sobrinus (1.2x). Fluorides better controlled S. mutans than CHX.
Conclusion
Bacterial biomass in supragingival biofilm increased during treatment with metal orthodontic appliances, with greater increase in cariogenic bacteria than periopathogens. Fluoride controlled S. mutans, while CHX S. sobrinus and A. actinomycetemcomitans.
期刊介绍:
Archives of Oral Biology is an international journal which aims to publish papers of the highest scientific quality in the oral and craniofacial sciences. The journal is particularly interested in research which advances knowledge in the mechanisms of craniofacial development and disease, including:
Cell and molecular biology
Molecular genetics
Immunology
Pathogenesis
Cellular microbiology
Embryology
Syndromology
Forensic dentistry