Bouboulina and the Greek Revolution: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Heroine of 1821 ed. by April Kalogeropoulos Householder (review)

IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI:10.1353/mgs.2024.a925801
Michalis Sotiropoulos
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The book under review is one of the many new studies that were published as a result—for example, the recent volumes edited by Kitromilides (2021), by Kitromilides and Tsoukalas (2021), and by Cartledge and Varnava (2022). What makes the volume under review stand out are, first, the interdisciplinary perspective it adopts in approaching its subject matter, and, second, the subject matter itself—the book's concentration on none other than Laskarina Bouboulina, one of the \"heroines\" of the Revolution. Among many recent books (including monographs) touching on key protagonists of the Revolution, this is, to my knowledge, the only one that focuses on a woman and that therefore gives due weight to gender as a category of analysis—this in itself is a very important addition to the literature on 1821. The volume is also interdisciplinary in nature, bringing together historians, <strong>[End Page 121]</strong> art historians, scholars of film and literary studies, and ethnomusicologists, as well as archivists and other professionals. Indeed, the volume focuses less on Bouboulina herself than on the heroine's afterlives; on the ways in which she has been commemorated or forgotten; on how she has been depicted in art, film, songs, and poems both in Greece and elsewhere; and on how these depictions have been used and received by philhellenic movements around the world.</p> <p>These themes are brought together by the editor, April Kalogeropoulos Householder, in the introduction to the volume and in a following chapter on the available primary and secondary sources on Bouboulina. These two introductory essays contain important theoretical and historiographical insights, especially on the main tropes that have characterized Bouboulina's depictions, on the significance of adopting an interdisciplinary perspective in order to make sense of these depictions, and on the reasons why Bouboulina has been marginalized in the historiography of the Greek Revolution. But these two essays also contain, here and there, claims that some may disagree with, one key example being some formulaic arguments about the backwardness of Greek society under the Ottomans and the role of women in this society—a line of argument that goes back to the 1960s–1970s and to studies of Greek society informed by the modernization paradigms prevalent at the time. But, as many other studies (both recent and older) have shown, Greek society around the time of the Revolution was much more complicated, and much less homogeneous, than such views would have us believe. Such works as Asdrachas (2003) and, especially, Doxiadis (2012) demonstrate not only that the Greek world was quite fragmented but also that this local diversity was reflected in the position of women. I am also not sure if sources that focus on women (e.g., Sotiria Aliberti's writings) should all be treated as feminist works.</p> <p>Part 1 of the volume includes two essays on Philhellenism. The first is a fascinating essay by Maureen Connors Santelli which looks at newspapers, books, and pamphlets, as well as congressional and diplomatic reports, to explore the controversial reception of Bouboulina, <em>the</em> Greek heroine, in the United States. The next essay, by Alexander Grammatikos, is more historiographical in nature, as it seeks to explain the absence of female figures from accounts of the Revolution. Grammatikos puts the blame on Romantic Philhellenism and its \"heteronormative conceptions\" of the Revolution, drawing on recent trends in cultural studies that see a correlation between Philhellenism, Orientalism, and colonialism. He focuses, however, more on Byron than on Bouboulina, and one can only wait for a fuller treatment of the latter. <strong>[End Page 122]</strong></p> <p>The three essays in Part 2 discuss particular representations of Bouboulina. 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Abstract

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

Reviewed by:

  • Bouboulina and the Greek Revolution: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Heroine of 1821 ed. by April Kalogeropoulos Householder
  • Michalis Sotiropoulos (bio)
April Kalogeropoulos Householder, editor, Bouboulina and the Greek Revolution: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Heroine of 1821. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2023. Pp. xix + 381. 46 illustrations, 1 map. Cloth $120.00.

As expected, the bicentenary of the start of the Greek Revolution of 1821 was an incentive for scholars to revisit the topic. The book under review is one of the many new studies that were published as a result—for example, the recent volumes edited by Kitromilides (2021), by Kitromilides and Tsoukalas (2021), and by Cartledge and Varnava (2022). What makes the volume under review stand out are, first, the interdisciplinary perspective it adopts in approaching its subject matter, and, second, the subject matter itself—the book's concentration on none other than Laskarina Bouboulina, one of the "heroines" of the Revolution. Among many recent books (including monographs) touching on key protagonists of the Revolution, this is, to my knowledge, the only one that focuses on a woman and that therefore gives due weight to gender as a category of analysis—this in itself is a very important addition to the literature on 1821. The volume is also interdisciplinary in nature, bringing together historians, [End Page 121] art historians, scholars of film and literary studies, and ethnomusicologists, as well as archivists and other professionals. Indeed, the volume focuses less on Bouboulina herself than on the heroine's afterlives; on the ways in which she has been commemorated or forgotten; on how she has been depicted in art, film, songs, and poems both in Greece and elsewhere; and on how these depictions have been used and received by philhellenic movements around the world.

These themes are brought together by the editor, April Kalogeropoulos Householder, in the introduction to the volume and in a following chapter on the available primary and secondary sources on Bouboulina. These two introductory essays contain important theoretical and historiographical insights, especially on the main tropes that have characterized Bouboulina's depictions, on the significance of adopting an interdisciplinary perspective in order to make sense of these depictions, and on the reasons why Bouboulina has been marginalized in the historiography of the Greek Revolution. But these two essays also contain, here and there, claims that some may disagree with, one key example being some formulaic arguments about the backwardness of Greek society under the Ottomans and the role of women in this society—a line of argument that goes back to the 1960s–1970s and to studies of Greek society informed by the modernization paradigms prevalent at the time. But, as many other studies (both recent and older) have shown, Greek society around the time of the Revolution was much more complicated, and much less homogeneous, than such views would have us believe. Such works as Asdrachas (2003) and, especially, Doxiadis (2012) demonstrate not only that the Greek world was quite fragmented but also that this local diversity was reflected in the position of women. I am also not sure if sources that focus on women (e.g., Sotiria Aliberti's writings) should all be treated as feminist works.

Part 1 of the volume includes two essays on Philhellenism. The first is a fascinating essay by Maureen Connors Santelli which looks at newspapers, books, and pamphlets, as well as congressional and diplomatic reports, to explore the controversial reception of Bouboulina, the Greek heroine, in the United States. The next essay, by Alexander Grammatikos, is more historiographical in nature, as it seeks to explain the absence of female figures from accounts of the Revolution. Grammatikos puts the blame on Romantic Philhellenism and its "heteronormative conceptions" of the Revolution, drawing on recent trends in cultural studies that see a correlation between Philhellenism, Orientalism, and colonialism. He focuses, however, more on Byron than on Bouboulina, and one can only wait for a fuller treatment of the latter. [End Page 122]

The three essays in Part 2 discuss particular representations of Bouboulina. A masterful essay by Sharon Gerstel discusses the various ways Bouboulina has been depicted—as young and feminine, as a militant leader, as a kapetanissa, as a...

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布布里纳和希腊革命:关于 1821 年女英雄的跨学科视角》,April Kalogeropoulos Householder 编辑(评论)
以下是内容的简要摘录,以代替摘要:评论者: Bouboulina and the Greek Revolution:Michalis Sotiropoulos (bio) April Kalogeropoulos Householder 编辑,《布布利娜与希腊革命:1821 年女英雄的跨学科视角》:关于 1821 年女英雄的跨学科视角》。Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2023。第 xix + 381 页。46 幅插图,1 幅地图。Cloth $120.00.不出所料,1821 年希腊革命爆发二百周年纪念促使学者们重新审视这一主题。本书是由此而出版的众多新研究成果之一--例如,基特罗米利迪斯(Kitromilides)(2021 年)、基特罗米利迪斯和祖卡拉斯(Kitromilides and Tsoukalas)(2021 年)以及卡特利奇和瓦尔纳瓦(Cartledge and Varnava)(2022 年)最近编辑的新书。本评论集之所以与众不同,首先是因为它在探讨主题时采用了跨学科的视角,其次是主题本身--书中的主角正是大革命的 "女英雄 "之一拉斯卡里娜-布布里纳(Laskarina Bouboulina)。据我所知,在近期许多涉及大革命主要人物的书籍(包括专著)中,这是唯一一本以女性为研究对象的书籍,因此该书将性别作为一个分析类别给予了应有的重视--这本身就是对有关 1821 年的文献的一个非常重要的补充。该书还具有跨学科性质,汇集了历史学家、[第121页完]艺术史学家、电影和文学研究学者、民族音乐学家以及档案管理员和其他专业人士。事实上,这本书的重点不是布布里娜本人,而是女主人公的后世;她是如何被纪念或遗忘的;希腊和其他地方的艺术、电影、歌曲和诗歌是如何描绘她的;以及世界各地的希腊运动是如何利用和接受这些描绘的。编辑艾普丽尔-卡洛杰罗普洛斯-豪斯霍斯德(April Kalogeropoulos Householder)在该书的导言和随后关于布布里娜的第一手和第二手资料的章节中将这些主题汇集在一起。这两篇介绍性文章包含了重要的理论和史学见解,尤其是关于布布利纳的主要描写特征、采用跨学科视角来理解这些描写的意义以及布布利纳在希腊革命史学中被边缘化的原因。不过,这两篇文章中也不乏一些可能会引起某些人异议的观点,其中一个重要的例子就是关于奥斯曼帝国统治下希腊社会的落后性以及妇女在这个社会中的角色的一些公式化论点--这种论点可以追溯到 20 世纪 60-70 年代,以及以当时盛行的现代化范式为依据的希腊社会研究。但是,正如许多其他研究(包括最新研究和较早的研究)所表明的那样,革命前后的希腊社会要比这些观点让我们相信的复杂得多,也不那么单一。Asdrachas(2003 年),尤其是 Doxiadis(2012 年)等著作不仅证明了希腊世界是相当分散的,而且这种地方多样性也反映在妇女的地位上。我也不确定以女性为重点的资料(如索提里亚-阿里贝尔蒂的著作)是否都应被视为女性主义作品。本卷的第一部分包括两篇关于菲勒斯主义的文章。第一篇是莫琳-康纳斯-桑特利(Maureen Connors Santelli)撰写的一篇引人入胜的文章,文章通过研究报纸、书籍、小册子以及国会和外交报告,探讨了希腊女英雄布布利娜在美国受到的争议。下一篇文章由亚历山大-格拉马蒂科斯(Alexander Grammatikos)撰写,更具史学性质,它试图解释大革命中女性人物缺席的原因。格拉马蒂科斯将责任归咎于浪漫主义菲勒斯主义及其对革命的 "异性恋观念",并借鉴了文化研究的最新趋势,即菲勒斯主义、东方主义和殖民主义之间的关联。不过,他对拜伦的关注多于对布布利纳的关注,人们只能期待他对后者有更全面的论述。[第 2 部分的三篇文章讨论了布布里纳的特殊代表性。莎伦-格斯特尔(Sharon Gerstel)的一篇精彩文章讨论了布布里纳的各种形象--年轻而女性化、好战的领袖、卡佩塔尼萨(Kapetanissa)、...
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来源期刊
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES
JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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40
期刊介绍: Praised as "a magnificent scholarly journal" by Choice magazine, the Journal of Modern Greek Studies is the only scholarly periodical to focus exclusively on modern Greece. The Journal publishes critical analyses of Greek social, cultural, and political affairs, covering the period from the late Byzantine Empire to the present. Contributors include internationally recognized scholars in the fields of history, literature, anthropology, political science, Byzantine studies, and modern Greece.
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