Vertical Stratification of Solitary Bees and Wasps in an Urban Forest from the Brazilian Amazon

IF 1.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Neotropical Entomology Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI:10.1007/s13744-024-01142-9
Hoana Klicia Lopes Guimarães Oliveira, Patrícia Nakayama Miranda, Jean Carlo Gonçalves Ortega, Elder Ferreira Morato
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Abstract

Solitary bees and wasps that nest in cavities in tree trunks are important components of terrestrial ecosystems, providing pollination services, and in the case of wasps, the regulation of their prey populations. However, little is known about the vertical strata where bees and wasps build their nests. This is especially the case of urban forest remnants in the Amazon, which is relevant in the context of the global crisis in insect losses. We investigated the existence of vertical stratification in the nesting of solitary bees and wasps in an urban forest in Rio Branco, state of Acre, in the western Brazilian Amazon. We focused on whether wood temperature, ants, and termites are predictors of bee and wasp nesting. We sampled bee and wasp nests in the forest using trap-nests made with wooden blocks containing cavities with three different diameters for twelve months. Trap-nests were installed randomly at three heights in the forest. We collected 145 nests of 25 species, belonging to 11 genera and 6 families. A higher number of nests and species were collected in the upper stratum of the forest, strengthening the hypothesis that there is vertical stratification in the assemblage of solitary bees and wasps. Wood surface temperature and termite attacks on trap-nests were significantly different between strata, which may explain the vertical stratification of bee and wasp assemblages. Considering the importance of these insects for tropical forest ecosystems, the conservation of structurally complex and stratified forests is of paramount importance to maintain the diversity of this insect group.

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巴西亚马逊城市森林中独居蜜蜂和黄蜂的垂直分层
在树干蛀洞中筑巢的独居蜜蜂和黄蜂是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,它们提供授粉服务,对黄蜂来说,还能调节猎物的数量。然而,人们对蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢的垂直地层知之甚少。亚马逊的城市森林遗迹尤其如此,这与全球昆虫损失危机有关。我们研究了巴西亚马逊西部阿克里州里奥布朗库城市森林中独居蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢时存在的垂直分层现象。我们重点研究了木材温度、蚂蚁和白蚁是否是蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢的预测因素。我们使用木块制成的诱捕巢对森林中的蜜蜂和黄蜂筑巢情况进行了为期 12 个月的采样,木块上有三种不同直径的巢穴。诱捕巢随机安装在森林的三个高度。我们共收集到 25 个物种的 145 个巢,隶属于 11 属 6 科。在森林的上层采集到的巢和物种数量较多,这加强了独居蜂和黄蜂群落存在垂直分层的假设。不同地层的木材表面温度和白蚁对诱捕巢的攻击有显著差异,这可能是蜜蜂和黄蜂群落垂直分层的原因。考虑到这些昆虫对热带森林生态系统的重要性,保护结构复杂和分层的森林对维持该昆虫群的多样性至关重要。
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来源期刊
Neotropical Entomology
Neotropical Entomology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
69
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neotropical Entomology is a bimonthly journal, edited by the Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil (Entomological Society of Brazil) that publishes original articles produced by Brazilian and international experts in several subspecialties of entomology. These include bionomics, systematics, morphology, physiology, behavior, ecology, biological control, crop protection and acarology.
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