{"title":"Pseudomagnetic fields in fully relaxed twisted bilayer and trilayer graphene","authors":"A Ceferino, F Guinea","doi":"10.1088/2053-1583/ad3b0e","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We present simple models to describe the in-plane and the out-of-plane lattice relaxation in twisted bilayer and symmetrically twisted trilayer graphene. Analytical results and series expansions show that for twist angles <inline-formula>\n<tex-math><?CDATA $\\theta\\gt 1.4^{\\circ}$?></tex-math>\n<mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi><mml:mo>></mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mn>1.4</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>\n<inline-graphic xlink:href=\"tdmad3b0eieqn1.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\"></inline-graphic>\n</inline-formula>, the in-plane atomic displacements lead to pseudomagnetic fields weakly dependent on <italic toggle=\"yes\">θ</italic>. In symmetrically twisted trilayer graphene, the central layer in-plane relaxation is greatly enhanced. The joint effect of the relaxation-induced pseudoscalar potentials and the associated energy difference between interlayer dimer and non-dimer pairs resulted in a significant electron–hole asymmetry both in twisted bilayer and trilayer graphene.","PeriodicalId":6812,"journal":{"name":"2D Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"2D Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ad3b0e","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
We present simple models to describe the in-plane and the out-of-plane lattice relaxation in twisted bilayer and symmetrically twisted trilayer graphene. Analytical results and series expansions show that for twist angles θ>1.4∘, the in-plane atomic displacements lead to pseudomagnetic fields weakly dependent on θ. In symmetrically twisted trilayer graphene, the central layer in-plane relaxation is greatly enhanced. The joint effect of the relaxation-induced pseudoscalar potentials and the associated energy difference between interlayer dimer and non-dimer pairs resulted in a significant electron–hole asymmetry both in twisted bilayer and trilayer graphene.
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2D Materials is a multidisciplinary, electronic-only journal devoted to publishing fundamental and applied research of the highest quality and impact covering all aspects of graphene and related two-dimensional materials.
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