{"title":"Determination of Energy Content of “Zero-Sugar” Artificial Sweeteners via Bomb Calorimetry and Theoretical Calculations","authors":"Andrea D. Merry, John A. Means* and Tim E. Hall, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00691","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this laboratory activity, students were tasked with determining the heat of combustion for each of three common sugar substitutes: saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose. The heats of combustion were determined via three different methods: bomb calorimetry, heats of formation derived from semiempirical calculations, and tabulated average bond energies. Students were then tasked with writing a single laboratory report that combined and compared the results obtained from all three techniques. This gave them an experience more representative of writing a journal article than traditional laboratory reports that typically focused on outcomes from a single laboratory technique. The results from the two theoretical methods were compared via percent error and error analysis with the experimentally determined results. The comparison of the experimentally determined heats of combustion and the semiempirically derived heats of combustion all yielded errors of less than about 20%, while the comparisons of the experimentally determined heats of combustion and the bond-energy-derived heats of combustion yielded errors of 20–50%. In addition to the experience with writing the more complex laboratory report, students gained experience working with process hazards that involved elevated and changing gas pressure, performing computational calculations, and applying skills learned in previous chemistry courses. This laboratory activity is presented so that it will allow adoption by others, including student handouts for the bomb calorimetry and theoretical determination activities and notes for the instructor.</p>","PeriodicalId":43,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemical Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Chemical Education","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00691","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this laboratory activity, students were tasked with determining the heat of combustion for each of three common sugar substitutes: saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose. The heats of combustion were determined via three different methods: bomb calorimetry, heats of formation derived from semiempirical calculations, and tabulated average bond energies. Students were then tasked with writing a single laboratory report that combined and compared the results obtained from all three techniques. This gave them an experience more representative of writing a journal article than traditional laboratory reports that typically focused on outcomes from a single laboratory technique. The results from the two theoretical methods were compared via percent error and error analysis with the experimentally determined results. The comparison of the experimentally determined heats of combustion and the semiempirically derived heats of combustion all yielded errors of less than about 20%, while the comparisons of the experimentally determined heats of combustion and the bond-energy-derived heats of combustion yielded errors of 20–50%. In addition to the experience with writing the more complex laboratory report, students gained experience working with process hazards that involved elevated and changing gas pressure, performing computational calculations, and applying skills learned in previous chemistry courses. This laboratory activity is presented so that it will allow adoption by others, including student handouts for the bomb calorimetry and theoretical determination activities and notes for the instructor.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Chemical Education is the official journal of the Division of Chemical Education of the American Chemical Society, co-published with the American Chemical Society Publications Division. Launched in 1924, the Journal of Chemical Education is the world’s premier chemical education journal. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed articles and related information as a resource to those in the field of chemical education and to those institutions that serve them. JCE typically addresses chemical content, activities, laboratory experiments, instructional methods, and pedagogies. The Journal serves as a means of communication among people across the world who are interested in the teaching and learning of chemistry. This includes instructors of chemistry from middle school through graduate school, professional staff who support these teaching activities, as well as some scientists in commerce, industry, and government.