Global prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in birds: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00350

Leila Zaki , Meysam Olfatifar , Fatemeh Ghaffarifar , Aida Vafae Eslahi , Amir KarimiPourSaryazdi , Ali Taghipour , Najla Hamidianfar , Milad Badri , Pikka Jokelainen

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Abstract

Among the potential animal reservoirs of the zoonotic parasite T. gondii, birds have received relatively little attention. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the global status and to provide an overview of the epidemiology of T. gondii infection in birds. The standard protocol of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant publications from January 1990, to March 2024. All peer-reviewed original research articles describing the prevalence of T. gondii in birds were included. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and both direct and indirect detection were considered. The point estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the meta-package in R (version 3.6.1). The variance between studies (heterogeneity) was quantified by the I² index. Finally, 258 articles (including 380 datasets) were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The global pooled prevalence was 24% (21 - 26%). The highest prevalence of T. gondii was observed in buzzards (52%, 34 - 70%), turkeys (31%, 17 - 46%), and chickens (30%, 26 - 34%). The present study provides a comprehensive view of the global prevalence of T. gondii in birds.

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全球鸟类弓形虫流行率：系统回顾与荟萃分析

在人畜共患寄生虫淋球菌的潜在动物库中，鸟类受到的关注相对较少。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估鸟类感染淋病双球菌的全球现状，并提供鸟类感染淋病双球菌的流行病学概况。研究遵循了系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南的标准协议。在 Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct、ProQuest 和 Google Scholar 上搜索了 1990 年 1 月至 2024 年 3 月期间的相关出版物。所有经同行评审的、描述鸟类中淋病双球菌流行情况的原创研究文章均被纳入其中。采用了纳入和排除标准，并考虑了直接和间接检测。使用 R 元软件包（3.6.1 版）计算了点估计值和 95% 置信区间。研究之间的差异（异质性）用 I2 指数量化。最后，258 篇文章（包括 380 个数据集）符合纳入系统综述和荟萃分析的条件。全球汇总患病率为 24% (21 - 26%)。秃鹫（52%，34 - 70%）、火鸡（31%，17 - 46%）和鸡（30%，26 - 34%）的淋球菌感染率最高。本研究全面反映了全球鸟类中淋病双球菌的流行情况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.