Longitudinal associations between ambient PM2.5 exposure and lipid levels in two Indian cities.

IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1097/EE9.0000000000000295
Kritika Anand, Gagandeep Kaur Walia, Siddhartha Mandal, Jyothi S Menon, Ruby Gupta, Nikhil Tandon, K M Venkat Narayan, Mohammed K Ali, Viswanathan Mohan, Joel D Schwartz, Dorairaj Prabhakaran
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Abstract

Background: Exposure to ambient PM2.5 is known to affect lipid metabolism through systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Evidence from developing countries, such as India with high levels of ambient PM2.5 and distinct lipid profiles, is sparse.

Methods: Longitudinal nonlinear mixed-effects analysis was conducted on >10,000 participants of Centre for cArdiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) cohort in Chennai and Delhi, India. We examined associations between 1-month and 1-year average ambient PM2.5 exposure derived from the spatiotemporal model and lipid levels (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TRIG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) measured longitudinally, adjusting for residential and neighborhood-level confounders.

Results: The mean annual exposure in Chennai and Delhi was 40 and 102 μg/m3 respectively. Elevated ambient PM2.5 levels were associated with an increase in LDL-C and TC at levels up to 100 µg/m3 in both cities and beyond 125 µg/m3 in Delhi. TRIG levels in Chennai increased until 40 µg/m3 for both short- and long-term exposures, then stabilized or declined, while in Delhi, there was a consistent rise with increasing annual exposures. HDL-C showed an increase in both cities against monthly average exposure. HDL-C decreased slightly in Chennai with an increase in long-term exposure, whereas it decreased beyond 130 µg/m3 in Delhi.

Conclusion: These findings demonstrate diverse associations between a wide range of ambient PM2.5 and lipid levels in an understudied South Asian population. Further research is needed to establish causality and develop targeted interventions to mitigate the impact of air pollution on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health.

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印度两个城市的环境 PM2.5 暴露与血脂水平之间的纵向联系。
背景:已知暴露于环境 PM2.5 会通过全身炎症和氧化应激影响脂质代谢。印度等发展中国家的环境 PM2.5 水平较高,但其血脂状况却截然不同,这方面的证据还很稀少:我们对印度钦奈和德里的南亚减少代谢风险中心(CARRS)队列中超过 10,000 名参与者进行了纵向非线性混合效应分析。我们研究了时空模型得出的1个月和1年平均环境PM2.5暴露量与纵向测量的血脂水平(总胆固醇[TC]、甘油三酯[TRIG]、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[HDL-C]和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[LDL-C])之间的关系,并对居住地和邻近地区的混杂因素进行了调整:钦奈和德里的年平均暴露量分别为 40 和 102 μg/m3。在这两个城市,当环境 PM2.5 水平达到 100 微克/立方米时,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和总胆固醇(TC)会升高,而在德里,当环境 PM2.5 水平超过 125 微克/立方米时,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和总胆固醇(TC)会升高。在钦奈,无论短期还是长期暴露,TRIG 水平在 40 µg/m3 之前都会上升,然后趋于稳定或下降,而在德里,随着年暴露量的增加,TRIG 水平持续上升。两个城市的 HDL-C 都随着月平均暴露量的增加而增加。在钦奈,随着长期暴露量的增加,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇略有下降,而在德里,当暴露量超过 130 µg/m3 时,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇就会下降:这些研究结果表明,在研究不足的南亚人群中,环境 PM2.5 与血脂水平之间存在多种关联。需要进一步研究,以确定因果关系,并制定有针对性的干预措施,减轻空气污染对脂质代谢和心血管健康的影响。
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来源期刊
Environmental Epidemiology
Environmental Epidemiology Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
2.80%
发文量
71
审稿时长
25 weeks
期刊最新文献
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