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Who is living near different types of US Superfund sites: A latent class analysis considering site contaminant profiles. 谁住在不同类型的美国超级基金场地附近:考虑场地污染物概况的潜类分析。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-03 eCollection Date: 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000363
Brittany A Trottier, Andrew Olshan, Jessie K Edwards, Lawrence S Engel, Hazel B Nichols, Alexandra J White

Background: Millions of people in the United States live near Superfund sites and may be exposed to hazardous chemicals from those sites. However, there is limited research on chemicals present at sites and the demographics of nearby communities. We aimed to identify subgroups of Superfund sites with similar contaminant profiles and evaluate whether sociodemographic characteristics vary by type of site.

Methods: We used US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund data to identify sites active in the year 2000. Census tract centroids located within 3 miles of every Superfund site were identified and a weighted average of census tract-level sociodemographics using the 2000 US Census was calculated. Superfund sites with similar contaminant profiles were identified using latent class analysis. We compared the median sociodemographic characteristics, overall and by contaminant latent class, with those of the overall 2000 US Census.

Results: We identified seven latent classes based on 12 contaminant categories from 1332 Superfund sites active in 2000. Overall, there were few differences in sociodemographics observed by the presence of any Superfund site compared with the overall US Census. After stratifying by contaminant profile, we observed evidence of disparities for two classes of sites, defined by (1) high diversity of chemical exposure and lumber industry and (2) batteries and metals, which were more likely to have higher hazard scores and to be near communities with higher proportions of non-White individuals, lower socioeconomic status, and higher social vulnerability.

Conclusion: Disadvantaged communities, with higher social vulnerability, were more likely to be near certain Superfund sites with higher hazard scores.

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引用次数: 0
Associations between injury occurrence and environmental temperatures in the Australian and German professional football leagues.
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-22 eCollection Date: 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000364
Edgar Schwarz, Rob Duffield, Donna Lu, Hugh Fullagar, Karen Aus der Fünten, Sabrina Skorski, Tobias Tröß, Abed Hadji, Tim Meyer

A cross-sectional analysis was performed to investigate associations between environmental temperatures and injury occurrence in two professional male football (soccer) leagues. Data from seven seasons of the German Bundesliga (2142 matches) and four seasons of the Australian A-League (470 matches) were included. Injuries were collated via media reports for the Bundesliga and via team staff reports in the A-League and comprised injury incidence, mechanisms (contact, noncontact), locations (e.g., ankle, knee, and thigh), and types (e.g., muscle and tendon, joint and ligament). Weather data included ambient air temperature (temperature or T) and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), which were collected from online sources retrospectively. Generalized linear mixed models were analyzed to examine associations between temperature or WBGT and injury occurrence for each league, respectively. Additionally, matches were grouped into categories of 5°C temperature steps to compare for injury occurrence. Results showed no relationship existed between either temperature or WBGT and any injury occurrence, mechanisms, locations or types for the Bundesliga (P > 0.10). A trend for an increase in injury occurrence in higher WBGT existed in the A-League (P = 0.05). Comparisons between 5°C temperature categories showed no significant differences for injury occurrence for either temperature or WBGT in either League (P > 0.05). Within the observed temperature ranges (-11.2 to 37.1°C T; -12.2 to 29.6°C WBGT) environmental temperature had no relationship with the rate or type of injury occurrence in professional football. Nevertheless, the number of matches at extreme heat within this study was limited and other factors (e.g., playing intensity, season stage, ground conditions) likely co-influence the relationship with injuries.

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引用次数: 0
Racial residential segregation is associated with ambient air pollution exposure after adjustment for multilevel sociodemographic factors: Evidence from eight US-based cohorts. 在调整多层次社会人口因素后,种族居住隔离与环境空气污染暴露有关:来自八个美国队列的证据。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-20 eCollection Date: 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000367
Hiwot Y Zewdie, Carolyn A Fahey, Anna L Harrington, Jaime E Hart, Mary L Biggs, Leslie A McClure, Eric A Whitsel, Joel D Kaufman, Anjum Hajat

Objective: We examined if racial residential segregation (RRS) - a fundamental cause of disease - is independently associated with air pollution after accounting for other neighborhood and individual-level sociodemographic factors, to better understand its potential role as a confounder of air pollution-health studies.

Methods: We compiled data from eight large cohorts, restricting to non-Hispanic Black and White urban-residing participants observed at least once between 1999 and 2005. We used 2000 decennial census data to derive a spatial RRS measure (divergence index) and neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) index for participants' residing Census tracts, in addition to participant baseline data, to examine associations between RRS and sociodemographic factors (NSES, education, race) and residential exposure to spatiotemporal model-predicted PM2.5 and NO2 levels. We fit random-effects meta-analysis models to pool estimates across adjusted cohort-specific multilevel models.

Results: Analytic sample included eligible participants in CHS (N = 3,605), MESA (4,785), REGARDS (22,649), NHS (90,415), NHSII (91,654), HPFS (32,625), WHI-OS (77,680), and WHI-CT (56,639). In adjusted univariate models, a quartile higher RRS was associated with 3.73% higher PM2.5 exposure (95% CI: 2.14%, 5.32%), and an 11.53% higher (95% CI: 10.83%, 12.22%) NO2 exposure on average. In fully adjusted models, higher RRS was associated with 3.25% higher PM2.5 exposure (95% CI: 1.45%, 5.05%; P < 0.05) and 10.22% higher NO2 exposure (95% CI: 6.69%, 13.74%; P < 0.001) on average.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that RRS is associated with the differential distribution of poor air quality independent of NSES or individual race, suggesting it may be a relevant confounder to be considered in future air pollution epidemiology studies.

目的:在考虑了其他社区和个人层面的社会人口因素后,我们研究了种族居住隔离(RRS) -疾病的根本原因-是否与空气污染独立相关,以更好地了解其作为空气污染-健康研究混杂因素的潜在作用。方法:我们收集了来自8个大型队列的数据,限制于1999年至2005年间至少观察一次的非西班牙裔黑人和白人城市居民。我们使用2000年十年一次的人口普查数据,除了参与者的基线数据外,还得出了参与者居住的人口普查区的空间RRS测量(差异指数)和社区社会经济地位(NSES)指数,以检验RRS与社会人口因素(NSES、教育、种族)以及居住暴露于时空模型预测的PM2.5和NO2水平之间的关系。我们拟合随机效应荟萃分析模型,对调整后的特定队列多水平模型进行汇总估计。结果:分析样本包括CHS (N = 3,605)、MESA(4,785)、REGARDS(22,649)、NHS(90,415)、NHSII(91,654)、HPFS(32,625)、WHI-OS(77,680)和WHI-CT(56,639)的合格参与者。在调整后的单变量模型中,四分位数高的RRS与PM2.5暴露增加3.73% (95% CI: 2.14%, 5.32%)和NO2暴露平均增加11.53% (95% CI: 10.83%, 12.22%)相关。在完全调整的模型中,较高的RRS与PM2.5暴露增加3.25%相关(95% CI: 1.45%, 5.05%;P < 0.05), NO2暴露增加10.22% (95% CI: 6.69%, 13.74%;P < 0.001)。结论:我们的研究结果表明,RRS与空气质量差的差异分布有关,独立于NSES或个体种族,这表明它可能是未来空气污染流行病学研究中需要考虑的相关混杂因素。
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引用次数: 0
Gestational exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and sex steroid hormones: Identifying critical windows of exposure in the Rochester UPSIDE Cohort. 妊娠期暴露于PM2.5、二氧化氮和性类固醇激素:确定罗切斯特上行队列暴露的关键窗口期。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-15 eCollection Date: 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000361
Mariah Kahwaji, Luke Duttweiler, Sally W Thurston, Donald Harrington, Richard K Miller, Susan K Murphy, Christina Wang, Jessica Brunner, Yihui Ge, Yan Lin, Philip K Hopke, Thomas G O'Connor, Junfeng J Zhang, David Q Rich, Emily S Barrett

Background: Sex steroid hormones are critical for maintaining pregnancy and optimal fetal development. Air pollutants are potential endocrine disruptors that may disturb sex steroidogenesis during pregnancy, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes.

Methods: In the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Infant Development pregnancy cohort (Rochester, NY), sex steroid concentrations were collected at study visits in early-, mid-, and late-pregnancy in 299 participants. Since these visits varied by the gestational age at blood draw, values were imputed at 14, 22, and 30 weeks gestation. Daily NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using random forest models, with daily concentrations from each 1-km2 grid containing the subject's residence. Associations between gestational week mean NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations and sex steroid concentrations were examined utilizing distributed lag nonlinear models.

Results: Each interquartile range (IQR = 9 ppb) increase in NO2 during weeks 0-5 was associated with higher early-pregnancy total testosterone levels (cumulative β = 0.45 ln[ng/dl]; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.83), while each IQR increase in NO2 during weeks 12-14 was associated with lower early-pregnancy total testosterone levels (cumulative β = -0.27 ln[ng/dl]; 95% CI = -0.53, -0.01). Similar NO2 increases during gestational weeks 0-14 were associated with higher late-pregnancy estradiol concentrations (cumulative β = 0.29 ln[pg/ml]; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.49), while each IQR increase in NO2 concentrations during gestational weeks 22-30 was associated with lower late-pregnancy estradiol concentrations (cumulative β = -0.18 ln[pg/ml]; 95% CI = -0.34, -0.02). No associations with PM2.5 were observed, except for an IQR increase in PM2.5 concentrations (IQR = 4 µg/m3) during gestational weeks 5-11 which was associated with lower late-pregnancy estriol levels (cumulative β = -0.16 ln[ng/ml]; 95% CI = -0.31, -0.00).

Conclusions: Residential NO2 exposure was associated with altered sex steroid hormone concentrations during pregnancy with some indication of potential compensatory mechanisms.

背景:性类固醇激素对维持妊娠和最佳胎儿发育至关重要。空气污染物是潜在的内分泌干扰物,可能会干扰怀孕期间的性类固醇生成,可能导致不利的健康后果。方法:在了解妊娠信号和婴儿发育的环境对儿童健康结局的影响妊娠队列(Rochester, NY)中,299名参与者在妊娠早期、中期和晚期的研究访问中收集了性类固醇浓度。由于这些访问随抽血时的胎龄而变化,因此在妊娠14周、22周和30周时进行了数值计算。使用随机森林模型估计NO2和PM2.5的日浓度,每1平方公里网格包含受试者的住所。利用分布滞后非线性模型检验妊娠周平均NO2和PM2.5浓度与性类固醇浓度之间的关系。结果:0-5周NO2升高的每四分位数范围(IQR = 9 ppb)与妊娠早期总睾酮水平升高相关(累积β = 0.45 ln[ng/dl];95% CI = 0.07, 0.83),而12-14周NO2每增加1 IQR与妊娠早期总睾酮水平降低相关(累积β = -0.27 ln[ng/dl];95% ci = -0.53, -0.01)。妊娠0-14周NO2升高与妊娠后期雌二醇浓度升高相关(累积β = 0.29 ln[pg/ml];95% CI = 0.10, 0.49),而妊娠22-30周NO2浓度的每一次IQR增加与妊娠后期雌二醇浓度降低相关(累积β = -0.18 ln[pg/ml];95% ci = -0.34, -0.02)。除了妊娠5-11周PM2.5浓度IQR增加(IQR = 4µg/m3)与妊娠后期雌三醇水平较低(累积β = -0.16 ln[ng/ml])相关外,未观察到与PM2.5的关联;95% ci = -0.31, -0.00)。结论:居住NO2暴露与怀孕期间性类固醇激素浓度的改变有关,并有一些潜在的补偿机制。
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引用次数: 0
Fine particulate matter and intima media thickness: Role of endothelial function biomarkers. 细颗粒物和血管内膜厚度:内皮功能生物标志物的作用
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-25 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000356
Rocio Torrico-Lavayen, Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez, Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez, Marco Sanchez-Guerra, José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador, Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo, Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz, Viridiana Botello-Taboada, Elihu Alexander Hernández-Rodríguez, Iván Gutiérrez-Avila, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez

Background: Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis disease. We aimed to assess whether nitric oxide stable metabolites (NOx) and l-arginine mediate the association between PM2.5 and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) increase.

Methods: We selected 251 participants from the control group of GEA (Genetics of Atheroslerosis Disease Mexican) study (2008-2013) in Mexico City. Mediation models were carried out using pathway analyses, a special case of structural equation models.

Results: The median concentration of PM2.5 area under the curve (auc) was 25.2 µg/m3 (interquartile range: 24.2-26.4 µg/m3). Employing participants with observed values for both biomarkers (n = 117), the total effect of PM2.5auc on mean cIMT at bilateral, right, and left was 19.27 µm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.77, 32.78; P value = 0.005), 12.69 µm (95% CI: 0.67, 24.71; P value = 0.039), and 25.86 µm (95% CI: 3.18, 48.53; P value = 0.025) per each 1 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5auc. The direct effect of PM2.5auc (per 1 µg/m3 increase) was 18.89 µm (95% CI: 5.37, 32.41; P value = 0.006) for bilateral, 13.65 µm (95% CI: 0.76, 26.55; P value = 0.038) for right, and 24.13 µm (95% CI: 3.22, 45.03; P value = 0.024) for left. The indirect effects of NOx and l-arginine were not statistically significant showing that endothelial function biomarkers did not mediate PM2.5 and cIMT associations. Although l-arginine was not a mediator in the PM2.5 and cIMT pathway, a decrease in l-arginine was significantly associated with PM2.5auc.

Conclusions: In this study of adults from Mexico City, we found that PM2.5 was associated with an increase in cIMT at bilateral, left, and right, and these associations were not mediated by endothelial function biomarkers (l-arginine and NOx).

背景:环境细颗粒物(PM2.5)是动脉粥样硬化疾病的风险因素。我们旨在评估一氧化氮稳定代谢物(NOx)和精氨酸是否介导了PM2.5与颈动脉内膜厚度(cIMT)增加之间的关联:我们从墨西哥城的GEA(墨西哥动脉粥样硬化疾病遗传学)研究(2008-2013年)对照组中选取了251名参与者。结果:PM2.5浓度的中位数为0.1毫克/立方米,PM2.5浓度的中位数为0.2毫克/立方米:结果:PM2.5曲线下面积(auc)浓度的中位数为25.2微克/立方米(四分位间范围:24.2-26.4微克/立方米)。采用观察到两种生物标志物值的参与者(n = 117),PM2.5auc 对双侧、右侧和左侧平均 cIMT 的总影响为 19.27 µm(95% 置信区间 [CI]:5.PM2.5auc每增加 1 µg/m3,对双侧、右侧和左侧平均 cIMT 的总影响分别为 19.27 µm(95% 置信区间[CI]:5.77,32.78;P 值 = 0.005)、12.69 µm(95% 置信区间:0.67,24.71;P 值 = 0.039)和 25.86 µm(95% 置信区间:3.18,48.53;P 值 = 0.025)。PM2.5auc(每增加 1 微克/立方米)对双侧的直接影响为 18.89 微米(95% CI:5.37,32.41;P 值 = 0.006),对右侧的直接影响为 13.65 微米(95% CI:0.76,26.55;P 值 = 0.038),对左侧的直接影响为 24.13 微米(95% CI:3.22,45.03;P 值 = 0.024)。氮氧化物和左旋精氨酸的间接效应在统计学上并不显著,这表明内皮功能生物标志物并不介导 PM2.5 和 cIMT 的关联。虽然左旋精氨酸不是PM2.5和cIMT途径中的介导因素,但左旋精氨酸的减少与PM2.5auc显著相关:在这项针对墨西哥城成年人的研究中,我们发现 PM2.5 与双侧、左侧和右侧 cIMT 的增加有关,而且这些关联不是由内皮功能生物标志物(l-精氨酸和氮氧化物)介导的。
{"title":"Fine particulate matter and intima media thickness: Role of endothelial function biomarkers.","authors":"Rocio Torrico-Lavayen, Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez, Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez, Marco Sanchez-Guerra, José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador, Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo, Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz, Viridiana Botello-Taboada, Elihu Alexander Hernández-Rodríguez, Iván Gutiérrez-Avila, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000356","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ambient fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis disease. We aimed to assess whether nitric oxide stable metabolites (NOx) and l-arginine mediate the association between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) increase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 251 participants from the control group of GEA (Genetics of Atheroslerosis Disease Mexican) study (2008-2013) in Mexico City. Mediation models were carried out using pathway analyses, a special case of structural equation models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> area under the curve (auc) was 25.2 µg/m<sup>3</sup> (interquartile range: 24.2-26.4 µg/m<sup>3</sup>). Employing participants with observed values for both biomarkers (n = 117), the total effect of PM<sub>2.5auc</sub> on mean cIMT at bilateral, right, and left was 19.27 µm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.77, 32.78; <i>P</i> value = 0.005), 12.69 µm (95% CI: 0.67, 24.71; <i>P</i> value = 0.039), and 25.86 µm (95% CI: 3.18, 48.53; <i>P</i> value = 0.025) per each 1 µg/m<sup>3</sup> increase of PM<sub>2.5auc</sub>. The direct effect of PM<sub>2.5auc</sub> (per 1 µg/m<sup>3</sup> increase) was 18.89 µm (95% CI: 5.37, 32.41; <i>P</i> value = 0.006) for bilateral, 13.65 µm (95% CI: 0.76, 26.55; <i>P</i> value = 0.038) for right, and 24.13 µm (95% CI: 3.22, 45.03; <i>P</i> value = 0.024) for left. The indirect effects of NOx and l-arginine were not statistically significant showing that endothelial function biomarkers did not mediate PM<sub>2.5</sub> and cIMT associations. Although l-arginine was not a mediator in the PM<sub>2.5</sub> and cIMT pathway, a decrease in l-arginine was significantly associated with PM<sub>2.5auc</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study of adults from Mexico City, we found that PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with an increase in cIMT at bilateral, left, and right, and these associations were not mediated by endothelial function biomarkers (l-arginine and NOx).</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"8 6","pages":"e356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancing research on greenspace and climate-sensitive adverse birth outcomes for equity and impact. 推进关于绿地和气候敏感性不利出生结果的研究,以实现公平并产生影响。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-12 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000353
Nazeeba Siddika, Carina J Gronlund, Alexis J Handal, Marie S O'Neill

Environmental epidemiologists are increasingly evaluating whether and how human exposure to vegetation (greenspace) can benefit health. Relatedly, scientists and policymakers have highlighted the need to integrate efforts to address the dual crises of accelerating climate change and rapid loss of biodiversity, including nature-based solutions. Greenspace is one solution that can protect humans from climate-related exposures, including heat, air pollution, and flooding. However, most environmental epidemiology research on greenspace occurs in high-income countries, and adverse birth outcomes, previously associated with greenspace, disproportionately occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although epidemiology research using existing survey or administrative data and satellite imagery is important for documenting broad patterns, such research is lacking in LMICs. Further, complementary, community-engaged research to inform interventions and policies is needed so that nature-based solutions with co-benefits for climate mitigation and health are adopted effectively and equitably. We provide suggestions for future research that would increase impact and call for better representation of LMICs and vulnerable communities within high-income countries in research and action on greenspace and climate-sensitive birth outcomes.

环境流行病学家正在越来越多地评估人类接触植被(绿地)是否有益于健康以及如何有益于健康。与此相关的是,科学家和政策制定者强调有必要整合各种努力,以应对气候变化加速和生物多样性迅速丧失的双重危机,包括基于自然的解决方案。绿地是一种解决方案,可以保护人类免受与气候相关的暴露,包括高温、空气污染和洪水。然而,大多数关于绿地的环境流行病学研究都发生在高收入国家,而以前与绿地相关的不良出生结果却不成比例地发生在中低收入国家。尽管利用现有调查或行政数据以及卫星图像进行流行病学研究对于记录广泛的模式非常重要,但在低收入和中等收入国家却缺乏此类研究。此外,还需要开展社区参与的补充性研究,为干预措施和政策提供信息,从而有效、公平地采用基于自然的解决方案,实现气候减缓和健康的共同效益。我们为未来的研究提出了建议,以扩大研究的影响,并呼吁在有关绿地和气候敏感性出生结果的研究和行动中,更好地代表低收入和中等收入国家以及高收入国家中的脆弱社区。
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引用次数: 0
Associations of seasonally available global positioning systems-derived walkability and objectively measured sleep in the Nurses' Health Study 3 Mobile Health Substudy. 护士健康研究 3 移动健康子研究中按季节提供的全球定位系统得出的步行能力与客观测量的睡眠之间的关系。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000348
Cindy R Hu, Grete E Wilt, Charlotte Roscoe, Hari S Iyer, William H Kessler, Francine Laden, Jorge E Chavarro, Brent Coull, Susan Redline, Peter James, Jaime E Hart

Background: Sleep is influenced by the environments that we experience while awake and while asleep. Neighborhood walkability has been linked with chronic disease and lifestyle factors, such as physical activity; however, evidence for the association between walkability and sleep is mixed. Extant studies assign walkability based on residential addresses, which does not account for mobility. We examined the association between walkability and sleep in the Nurses' Health Study 3 (NHS3) Mobile Health Substudy (MHS).

Methods: From 2018 to 2020, individuals in the United States-based NHS3 prospective cohort participated in the MHS, in which minute-level global positioning systems (GPS) data and objective sleep duration and efficiency measures were collected via a custom smartphone application and Fitbit, respectively, for four 7-day periods across a year to capture seasonal variability. Census tract walkability was calculated by summing z-scores of population density (2015-2019 American Community Survey), business density (2018 Infogroup), and intersection density (2018 TIGER/Line road shapefiles). We ran generalized additive mixed models with penalized splines to estimate the association between walkability and sleep, adjusting for individual-level covariates as well as GPS-based exposure to environmental and contextual factors.

Results: The average main sleep period duration was 7.9 hours and the mean sleep efficiency was 93%. For both sleep duration and sleep efficiency, we did not observe an association with daily average walkability exposure.

Conclusion: In this study of women across the United States, we found that daily GPS-based neighborhood walkability exposure during wake time was not associated with objective wearable-derived sleep duration or sleep efficiency.

背景介绍睡眠受到我们清醒时和睡眠时所处环境的影响。居民区的步行能力与慢性疾病和生活方式因素(如体育锻炼)有关;然而,步行能力与睡眠之间的关系证据不一。现有的研究是根据住宅地址来确定可步行性的,这并没有考虑到流动性。我们在护士健康研究 3(NHS3)移动健康子研究(MHS)中考察了步行能力与睡眠之间的关系:从 2018 年到 2020 年,美国 NHS3 前瞻性队列中的个人参加了 MHS,其中分钟级全球定位系统(GPS)数据以及客观睡眠持续时间和效率测量值分别通过定制的智能手机应用程序和 Fitbit 进行收集,收集时间跨度为一年中的四个 7 天,以捕捉季节性变化。人口普查区的步行能力是通过对人口密度(2015-2019 年美国社区调查)、商业密度(2018 年 Infogroup)和交叉路口密度(2018 年 TIGER/Line 道路形状文件)的 Z 值求和计算得出的。我们使用带惩罚性样条的广义加性混合模型来估计步行能力与睡眠之间的关系,同时调整个人层面的协变量以及基于GPS的环境和背景因素暴露:主要睡眠时间平均为 7.9 小时,平均睡眠效率为 93%。在睡眠时间和睡眠效率方面,我们都没有观察到与日平均步行暴露相关的因素:结论:在这项针对美国女性的研究中,我们发现每天起床后基于全球定位系统的邻里步行暴露与客观可穿戴设备得出的睡眠时间或睡眠效率无关。
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引用次数: 0
Exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and early-onset female breast cancer in a case-control study in Ontario, Canada. 加拿大安大略省一项病例对照研究中的环境多环芳烃暴露与早发女性乳腺癌。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-08 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000333
Claudia M Waddingham, Patrick Hinton, Paul J Villeneuve, Jeffrey R Brook, Eric Lavigne, Kristian Larsen, Will D King, Deyong Wen, Jun Meng, Junhua Zhang, Elisabeth Galarneau, Shelley A Harris

Background: Ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of toxicologically important and understudied air pollutants. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that chronic exposure to PAHs increases breast cancer risk; however, there are few studies in nonoccupational settings that focus on early-onset diagnoses.

Methods: The relationship between residentially-based ambient PAH concentrations and female breast cancer, among those 18-45 years of age, was characterized in the Ontario Environment and Health Study (OEHS). The OEHS was a population-based case-control study undertaken in Ontario, Canada between 2013 and 2015. Primary incident breast cancers were identified within 3 months of diagnosis, and a population-based series of controls were recruited. Concentrations of ambient PAHs, using fluoranthene as a surrogate, were derived using a chemical transport model at a 2.5 km spatial resolution. These estimates were assigned to participants' residences at the time of the interview and 5 years prior. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on a quartile categorization of fluoranthene exposure while adjusting for a series of individual- and area-level risk factors. The shape of the exposure-response trend was evaluated using cubic splines.

Results: Median fluoranthene exposure for cases and controls was 0.0017 µg/m3 and 0.0014 µg/m3, respectively. In models adjusted for a parsimonious set of risk factors, the highest quartile of exposure was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.22, 3.84). Restricted spline analyses revealed nonlinear dose-response patterns.

Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that ambient PAH exposures increases the risk of early-onset breast cancer.

背景:环境多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类毒理学上重要但研究不足的空气污染物。流行病学证据表明,长期暴露于多环芳烃会增加患乳腺癌的风险;然而,很少有针对非职业环境中早期发病的研究:方法:安大略省环境与健康研究(OEHS)描述了居民环境中多环芳烃浓度与 18-45 岁女性乳腺癌之间的关系。OEHS 是 2013 年至 2015 年期间在加拿大安大略省开展的一项基于人群的病例对照研究。研究人员在乳腺癌确诊后 3 个月内对原发性乳腺癌进行了鉴定,并招募了一系列人群对照。环境中多环芳烃的浓度以荧蒽作为替代物,通过 2.5 千米空间分辨率的化学传输模型得出。这些估计值被分配到受试者接受访谈时和 5 年前的居住地。在对一系列个人和地区风险因素进行调整的同时,使用逻辑回归法根据氟烷暴露的四分位数分类估算出几率比(OR)及其 95% 的置信区间(CI)。使用三次样条对暴露-反应趋势的形状进行了评估:结果:病例和对照组的氟蒽暴露量中位数分别为 0.0017 µg/m3 和 0.0014 µg/m3。在根据一组风险因素进行调整的模型中,暴露量最高的四分位数与乳腺癌风险增加有关(OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.22, 3.84)。限制样条分析显示了非线性剂量反应模式:这些研究结果支持环境多环芳烃暴露会增加早发乳腺癌风险的假设。
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引用次数: 0
Road-traffic noise exposure and coronary atherosclerosis in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). 瑞典 CArdioPulmonary bioImage 研究(SCAPIS)中的道路交通噪声暴露与冠状动脉粥样硬化。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-03 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000344
Marat Murzabekov, Åsa Persson, Christian Asker, Karl Kilbo Edlund, Charlotta Eriksson, Tomas Jernberg, Peter Molnar, Anna Oudin, Andrei Pyko, Jenny Lindvall, Mare Lõhmus, Kerstin Persson Waye, Johan Nilsson Sommar, Leo Stockfelt, Mårten Spanne, Magnus Svartengren, Mikael Ögren, Göran Pershagen, Petter Ljungman

Background: Road-traffic noise may influence the development of cardiovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction, but etiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the relationship between long-term road-traffic noise exposure and coronary atherosclerosis in Sweden.

Methods: In the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) cohort, including 30,154 subjects aged 50-65 years, recruited between 2013 and 2018, coronary atherosclerosis was measured based on computer tomography (CT) scans as coronary artery calcium score, segment involvement score (SIS), and non-calcified plaques (NCP) at enrollment. Based on modified Nordic model, road-traffic noise exposure was modeled for 2000, 2013, and 2018 with interpolation for intermediate years. We investigated the association between time-weighted long-term exposure to road-traffic noise (Lden) and the prevalence of atherosclerosis using ordinal logistic regression models adjusting for potential socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental confounders, including air pollution.

Results: No clear associations were found between road-traffic noise and coronary atherosclerosis. The odds ratio for coronary artery calcium score was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96, 1.04), SIS 0.99 (0.96, 1.03), and NCP 0.98 (0.90, 1.03) per interquartile range (9.4 dB Lden) for road-traffic noise exposure during 10 years before enrollment. No consistent associations were observed in site-specific analyses or using shorter exposure periods. Furthermore, exposure-response analyses revealed no clear trends, and there were no strong interactions between road-traffic noise and cardiovascular risk factors in relation to the atherosclerosis markers.

Conclusions: Long-term exposure to road-traffic noise was not linked to coronary atherosclerosis or calcification in relatively healthy, middle-aged populations in Sweden.

背景:道路交通噪声可能会影响中风和心肌梗塞等心血管事件的发生,但其病因机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估瑞典长期暴露于道路交通噪声与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间的关系:瑞典CArdioPulmonary bioImage研究(SCAPIS)队列包括2013年至2018年招募的30154名50-65岁受试者,根据计算机断层扫描(CT)测量冠状动脉粥样硬化情况,包括入组时的冠状动脉钙化评分、节段受累评分(SIS)和非钙化斑块(NCP)。根据修改后的北欧模型,对 2000 年、2013 年和 2018 年的道路交通噪声暴露进行了建模,并对中间年份进行了插值。我们使用序数逻辑回归模型研究了时间加权的道路交通噪声长期暴露(Lden)与动脉粥样硬化患病率之间的关系,并对潜在的社会经济、行为和环境混杂因素(包括空气污染)进行了调整:结果:没有发现道路交通噪声与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间有明显的关联。入组前 10 年内,道路交通噪声暴露每四分位数范围(9.4 dB Lden)的冠状动脉钙化评分几率比为 1.00(95% 置信区间 [CI] = 0.96,1.04),SIS 为 0.99(0.96,1.03),NCP 为 0.98(0.90,1.03)。在特定地点分析或使用较短的暴露期时,没有观察到一致的关联。此外,暴露-反应分析也没有发现明显的趋势,而且道路交通噪声与心血管风险因素之间在动脉粥样硬化标志物方面也没有很强的相互作用:结论:在瑞典相对健康的中年人群中,长期暴露于道路交通噪声与冠状动脉粥样硬化或钙化无关。
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引用次数: 0
Temporal change in minimum mortality temperature under changing climate: A multicountry multicommunity observational study spanning 1986-2015. 气候变化下最低死亡温度的时间变化:一项跨越 1986-2015 年的多国多社区观察研究。
IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-30 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000334
Daewon Yang, Masahiro Hashizume, Aurelio Tobías, Yasushi Honda, Dominic Roye, Jaemin Oh, Tran Ngoc Dang, Yoonhee Kim, Rosana Abrutzky, Yuming Guo, Shilu Tong, Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Eric Lavigne, Patricia Matus Correa, Nicolás Valdés Ortega, Samuel Osorio, Jan Kyselý, Aleš Urban, Hans Orru, Ene Indermitte, Jouni Jaakkola, Niilo Ryti, Mathilde Pascal, Veronika Huber, Alexandra Schneider, Klea Katsouyanni, Antonis Analitis, Alireza Entezari, Fatemeh Mayvaneh, Patrick Goodman, Ariana Zeka, Paola Michelozzi, Francesca de'Donato, Barrak Alahmad, Magali Hurtado Diaz, César De la Cruz Valencia, Ala Overcenco, Danny Houthuijs, Caroline Ameling, Shilpa Rao, Baltazar Nunes, Joana Madureira, Iulian Horia Holo-Bâc, Noah Scovronick, Fiorella Acquaotta, Ho Kim, Whanhee Lee, Carmen Íñiguez, Bertil Forsberg, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Martina S Ragettli, Yue-Liang Leon Guo, Shih Chun Pan, Shanshan Li, Francesco Sera, Antonella Zanobetti, Joel Schwartz, Ben Armstrong, Antonio Gasparrini, Yeonseung Chung

Background: The minimum mortality temperature (MMT) or MMT percentile (MMTP) is an indicator of population susceptibility to nonoptimum temperatures. MMT and MMTP change over time; however, the changing directions show region-wide heterogeneity. We examined the heterogeneity of temporal changes in MMT and MMTP across multiple communities and in multiple countries.

Methods: Daily time-series data for mortality and ambient mean temperature for 699 communities in 34 countries spanning 1986-2015 were analyzed using a two-stage meta-analysis. First, a quasi-Poisson regression was employed to estimate MMT and MMTP for each community during the designated subperiods. Second, we pooled the community-specific temporally varying estimates using mixed-effects meta-regressions to examine temporal changes in MMT and MMTP in the entire study population, as well as by climate zone, geographical region, and country.

Results: Temporal increases in MMT and MMTP from 19.5 °C (17.9, 21.1) to 20.3 °C (18.5, 22.0) and from the 74.5 (68.3, 80.6) to 75.0 (71.0, 78.9) percentiles in the entire population were found, respectively. Temporal change was significantly heterogeneous across geographical regions (P < 0.001). Temporal increases in MMT were observed in East Asia (linear slope [LS] = 0.91, P = 0.02) and South-East Asia (LS = 0.62, P = 0.05), whereas a temporal decrease in MMT was observed in South Europe (LS = -0.46, P = 0.05). MMTP decreased temporally in North Europe (LS = -3.45, P = 0.02) and South Europe (LS = -2.86, P = 0.05).

Conclusions: The temporal change in MMT or MMTP was largely heterogeneous. Population susceptibility in terms of optimum temperature may have changed under a warming climate, albeit with large region-dependent variations.

背景:最低死亡温度(MMT)或最低死亡温度百分位数(MMTP)是种群易受非最佳温度影响的指标。最低死亡温度和最低死亡百分位数会随着时间的推移而变化;但是,其变化方向显示出区域范围内的异质性。我们研究了多个社区和多个国家的 MMT 和 MMTP 随时间变化的异质性:我们采用两阶段荟萃分析法分析了 34 个国家 699 个社区的死亡率和环境平均温度的每日时间序列数据,时间跨度为 1986-2015 年。首先,我们采用准泊松回归法估算了每个社区在指定子期间的死亡率和平均死亡率。其次,我们利用混合效应元回归将特定社区的时间变化估计值汇集起来,以研究整个研究人群以及不同气候区、地理区域和国家的 MMT 和 MMTP 的时间变化:结果发现,在整个研究人群中,MMT 和 MMTP 分别从 19.5 °C(17.9,21.1)升至 20.3 °C(18.5,22.0),以及从 74.5(68.3,80.6)百分位数升至 75.0(71.0,78.9)百分位数。不同地理区域的时间变化差异很大(P < 0.001)。在东亚(线性斜率 [LS] = 0.91,P = 0.02)和东南亚(线性斜率 = 0.62,P = 0.05)观察到 MMT 的时间性增加,而在南欧观察到 MMT 的时间性减少(线性斜率 = -0.46,P = 0.05)。北欧(LS = -3.45,P = 0.02)和南欧(LS = -2.86,P = 0.05)的 MMTP 在时间上有所下降:结论:MMT 或 MMTP 的时间变化在很大程度上是异质的。在气候变暖的情况下,种群对最适温度的敏感性可能发生了变化,尽管这种变化因地区而异。
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引用次数: 0
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Environmental Epidemiology
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