Update on Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Stroke Motor Impairment: A Narrative Review.

Abstract

Stroke is a leading global cause of death and disability, with motor impairment being one of the common post-stroke complications. Rehabilitation is crucial for functional recovery. Recently, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has emerged as a promising intervention that allows neuromodulation by activating or inhibiting neural activity in specific brain regions. This narrative review aims to examine current research on the effects of various NIBS techniques, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and transcranial focused ultrasound on post-stroke motor function.