Neural mechanism of non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation in patients with non-suicidal self-injury

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Comprehensive psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152487

Author Nan Lang , Yuan Zhong , Wenkun Lei , Yiwen Xiao , Yaming Hang , Ya Xie , Zhangwei Lv , Yumin Zhang , Xinyao Liu , Minlu Liang , Congjie Zhang , Pei Zhang , Hua Yang , Yun Wu , Qiuyu Wang , Kun Yang , Jing Long , Yuan Liu , Suhong Wang , Yibin Tang , Chun Wang

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Abstract

Background

The incidence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been on the rise in recent years. Studies have shown that people with NSSI have difficulties in emotion regulation and cognitive control. In addition, some studies have investigated the cognitive emotion regulation of people with NSSI which found that they have difficulties in cognitive emotion regulation, but there was a lack of research on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and related neural mechanisms.

Methods

This study included 117 people with NSSI (age = 19.47 ± 5.13, male = 17) and 84 non-NSSI participants (age = 19.86 ± 4.14, male = 16). People with NSSI met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, and non-NSSI participants had no mental or physical disorders. The study collected all participants' data of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the differences in psychological performance and brain between two groups. Afterwards, Machine learning was used to select the found differential brain regions to obtain the highest correlation regions with NSSI. Then, Allen's Human Brain Atlas database was used to compare with the information on the abnormal brain regions of people with NSSI to find the genetic information related to NSSI. In addition, gene enrichment analysis was carried out to find the related pathways and specific cells that may have differences.

Results

The differences between NSSI participants and non-NSSI participants were as follows: positive refocusing (t = −4.74, p < 0.01); refocusing on plans (t = −4.11, p < 0.01); positive reappraisal (t = −9.22, p < 0.01); self-blame (t = 6.30, p < 0.01); rumination (t = 3.64, p < 0.01); catastrophizing (t = 9.10, p < 0.01), and blaming others (t = 2.52, p < 0.01), the precentral gyrus (t = 6.04, p_FDR < 0.05) and the rolandic operculum (t = −4.57, p_FDR < 0.05). Rolandic operculum activity was negatively correlated with blaming others (r = −0.20, p < 0.05). Epigenetic results showed that excitatory neurons (p < 0.01) and inhibitory neurons (p < 0.01) were significant differences in two pathways, “trans-synaptic signaling” (p < −log10⁸) and “modulation of chemical synaptic transmission” (p < −log10⁸) in both cells.

Conclusions

People with NSSI are more inclined to adopt non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Rolandic operculum is also abnormally active. Abnormal changes in the rolandic operculum of them are associated with non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Changes in the excitatory and inhibitory neurons provide hints to explore the abnormalities of the neurological mechanisms at the cellular level of them.

Trial registration number NCT04094623

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非自杀性自伤患者非适应性认知情绪调节的神经机制。

背景：近年来，非自杀性自伤（NSSI）的发病率呈上升趋势。研究表明，NSSI 患者在情绪调节和认知控制方面存在困难。此外，一些研究对NSSI患者的认知情绪调节进行了调查，发现他们在认知情绪调节方面存在困难，但缺乏对认知情绪调节策略及相关神经机制的研究：本研究包括 117 名 NSSI 患者（年龄 = 19.47 ± 5.13，男性 = 17）和 84 名非 NSSI 参与者（年龄 = 19.86 ± 4.14，男性 = 16）。NSSI 患者符合 DSM-5 诊断标准，非 NSSI 参与者没有精神或身体疾病。研究收集了所有参与者的认知情绪调节问卷（CERQ）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据，以探讨两组参与者在心理表现和大脑方面的差异。随后，研究人员利用机器学习技术对发现的差异脑区进行筛选，以获得与 NSSI 相关性最高的脑区。然后，利用艾伦人类脑图谱数据库与 NSSI 患者的异常脑区信息进行比对，找出与 NSSI 相关的遗传信息。此外，还进行了基因富集分析，以寻找可能存在差异的相关通路和特定细胞：NSSI 参与者与非 NSSI 参与者之间的差异如下：两种细胞中的 "积极重新聚焦"（t = -4.74，p FDR FDR 8）和 "化学突触传递调节"（p 8）：结论：NSSI 患者更倾向于采用非适应性认知情绪调节策略。Rolandic operculum 也异常活跃。他们的Rolandic operculum的异常变化与非适应性认知情绪调节策略有关。兴奋性神经元和抑制性神经元的变化为从细胞水平探索他们的神经机制异常提供了提示。试验注册号：NCT04094623。

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来源期刊

Comprehensive psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

1.40%

发文量

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： "Comprehensive Psychiatry" is an open access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the field of psychiatry and mental health. Its primary mission is to share the latest advancements in knowledge to enhance patient care and deepen the understanding of mental illnesses. The journal is supported by a diverse team of international editors and peer reviewers, ensuring the publication of high-quality research with a strong focus on clinical relevance and the implications for psychopathology. "Comprehensive Psychiatry" encourages authors to present their research in an accessible manner, facilitating engagement with clinicians, policymakers, and the broader public. By embracing an open access policy, the journal aims to maximize the global impact of its content, making it readily available to a wide audience and fostering scientific collaboration and public awareness beyond the traditional academic community. This approach is designed to promote a more inclusive and informed dialogue on mental health, contributing to the overall progress in the field.