Climate adaptation law: a European perspective

IF 0.3 Q3 LAW China-EU Law Journal Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI:10.1007/s12689-024-00109-8
Juliane Albrecht
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Abstract

In contrast to climate protection law, which regulates the mitigation of climate change, climate adaptation law deals with the management of the unavoidable consequences of climate change. This article provides an overview of its legal basis from a European perspective. In addition to international law, especially the Paris Agreement, EU law is of central importance in this respect. It is primarily shaped by the EU Climate Law enacted in 2021. However, this Law only sets a general framework and is further defined by legal acts of various sectoral policies, especially in the field of environment. Climate adaptation regulations at the level of European member states are presented using the example of Germany, where a Federal Climate Adaptation Act is currently being drafted. Due to Germany's federal state structure, state legislation is also analysed. Most of the German states (“Länder”) have their own climate laws, although their content varies. The municipal level is only addressed with restraint in these laws. The reasons for this are of a fiscal constitutional nature and will be explained in more detail.

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气候适应法:欧洲视角
与管理减缓气候变化的气候保护法不同,气候适应法涉及气候变化不可避免后果的管理。本文从欧洲的角度概述了其法律依据。除了国际法,特别是《巴黎协定》之外,欧盟法律在这方面也至关重要。其主要依据是 2021 年颁布的《欧盟气候法》。然而,该法只设定了一个总体框架,并由各部门政策(尤其是环境领域的政策)的法律条文进一步界定。我们以德国为例介绍欧洲成员国层面的气候适应法规,德国目前正在起草《联邦气候适应法》。由于德国是联邦制国家,因此也对各州的立法进行了分析。德国大多数州("Länder")都有自己的气候法,但内容各不相同。在这些法律中,对市镇一级的规定有所限制。其原因属于财政宪法性质,下文将详细解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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