The size and diversity of microbes determine carbon use efficiency in soil

IF 4.3 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Environmental microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.16633
Chansotheary Dang, Ember M. Morrissey
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Abstract

Soil is home to a multitude of microorganisms from all three domains of life. These organisms and their interactions are crucial in driving the cycling of soil carbon. One key indicator of this process is Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency (CUE), which shows how microbes influence soil carbon storage through their biomass production. Although CUE varies among different microorganisms, there have been few studies that directly examine how biotic factors influence CUE. One such factor could be body size, which can impact microbial growth rates and interactions in soil, thereby influencing CUE. Despite this, evidence demonstrating a direct causal connection between microbial biodiversity and CUE is still scarce. To address these knowledge gaps, we conducted an experiment where we manipulated microbial body size and biodiversity through size-selective filtering. Our findings show that manipulating the structure of the microbial community can reduce CUE by approximately 65%. When we restricted the maximum body size of the microbial community, we observed a reduction in bacterial diversity and functional potential, which in turn lowered the community's CUE. Interestingly, when we included large body size micro-eukarya in the soil, it shifted the soil carbon cycling, increasing CUE by approximately 50% and the soil carbon to nitrogen ratio by about 25%. Our metrics of microbial diversity and community structure were able to explain 36%–50% of the variation in CUE. This highlights the importance of microbial traits, community structure and trophic interactions in mediating soil carbon cycling.

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微生物的大小和多样性决定土壤中碳的利用效率
土壤是来自所有三个生命领域的多种微生物的家园。这些生物及其相互作用对推动土壤碳循环至关重要。微生物碳利用效率(CUE)是这一过程的关键指标之一,它显示了微生物如何通过其生物量生产影响土壤碳储存。虽然不同微生物的碳利用效率各不相同,但直接研究生物因素如何影响碳利用效率的研究却很少。其中一个因素可能是体型,体型会影响微生物的生长速度和在土壤中的相互作用,从而影响 CUE。尽管如此,证明微生物生物多样性与 CUE 之间存在直接因果关系的证据仍然很少。为了填补这些知识空白,我们进行了一项实验,通过大小选择性过滤来操纵微生物的体型和生物多样性。我们的研究结果表明,操纵微生物群落的结构可将 CUE 降低约 65%。当我们限制微生物群落的最大体型时,我们观察到细菌的多样性和功能潜力都有所下降,这反过来又降低了群落的 CUE。有趣的是,当我们在土壤中加入体型较大的微真核细胞时,土壤碳循环发生了变化,CUE 增加了约 50%,土壤碳氮比增加了约 25%。我们的微生物多样性和群落结构指标能够解释 36%-50% 的 CUE 变化。这凸显了微生物性状、群落结构和营养相互作用在介导土壤碳循环中的重要性。
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来源期刊
Environmental microbiology
Environmental microbiology 环境科学-微生物学
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
427
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens
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