Systematic evidence mapping of potential correlates of exposure for per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) based on measured occurrence in biomatrices and surveys of dietary consumption and product use

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114384
Chris Holder , Elaine A. Cohen Hubal , Jeanne Luh , Madison G. Lee , Lisa Jo Melnyk , Kent Thomas
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Abstract

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely observed in environmental media and often are found in indoor environments as well as personal-care and consumer products. Humans may be exposed through water, food, indoor dust, air, and the use of PFAS-containing products. Information about relationships between PFAS exposure sources and pathways and the amounts found in human biomatrices can inform source-contribution assessments and provide targets for exposure reduction. This work collected and collated evidence for correlates of PFAS human exposure as measured through sampling of biomatrices and surveys of dietary consumption and use of consumer products and articles. A systematic evidence mapping approach was applied to perform a literature search, conduct title-abstract and full-text screening, and to extract primary data into a comprehensive database for 16 PFAS. Parameters of interest included: sampling dates and locations, cohort descriptors, PFAS measured in a human biomatrix, information about food consumption in 11 categories, use of products/articles in 11 categories, and reported correlation values (and their statistical strength). The literature search and screening process yielded 103 studies with information for correlates of PFAS exposures. Detailed data were extracted and compiled on measures of PFAS correlations between biomatrix concentrations and dietary consumption and other product/article use. A majority of studies (61/103; 59%) were published after 2015 with few (8/103; 8%) prior to 2010. Studies were most abundant for dietary correlates (n = 94) with fewer publications reporting correlate assessments for product use (n = 56), while some examined both. PFOA and PFOS were assessed in almost all studies, followed by PFHxS, PFNA, and PFDA which were included in >50% of the studies. No relevant studies included PFNS or PFPeS. Among the 94 studies of dietary correlates, significant correlations were reported in 83% of the studies for one or more PFAS. The significant dietary correlations most commonly were for seafood, meats/eggs, and cereals/grains/pulses. Among the 56 studies of product/article correlates, significant correlations were reported in 70% of the studies. The significant product/article correlations most commonly were for smoking/tobacco, cosmetics/toiletries, non-stick cookware, and carpet/flooring/furniture and housing. Six of 11 product/article categories included five or fewer studies, including food containers and stain- and water-resistant products. Significant dietary and product/article correlations most commonly were positive. Some studies found a mix of positive and negative correlations depending on the PFAS, specific correlate, and specific response level, particularly for fats/oils, dairy consumption, food containers, and cosmetics/toiletries. Most of the significant findings for cereals/grains/pulses were negative correlations. Substantial evidence was found for correlations between dietary intake and biomatrix levels for several PFAS in multiple food groups. Studies examining product/article use relationships were relatively sparse, except for smoking/tobacco, and would benefit from additional research. The resulting database can inform further assessments of dietary and product use exposure relationships and can inform new research to better understand PFAS source-to-exposure relationships. The search strategy should be extended and implemented to support living evidence review in this rapidly advancing area.

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根据生物矩阵中测得的全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)发生率以及膳食消费和产品使用调查,对接触该物质的潜在相关因素进行系统证据分析
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)广泛存在于环境介质中,通常在室内环境以及个人护理和消费品中发现。人类可能通过水、食物、室内灰尘、空气以及使用含 PFAS 的产品接触到这些物质。有关全氟辛烷磺酸暴露来源和途径与人体生物体内含量之间关系的信息可以为来源贡献评估提供依据,并为减少暴露提供目标。这项工作收集并整理了通过生物矩阵采样、膳食消费调查以及消费品和物品的使用情况来测量的人类接触 PFAS 的相关证据。采用系统证据图谱法进行文献检索、标题-摘要和全文筛选,并将 16 种全氟辛烷磺酸的原始数据提取到综合数据库中。相关参数包括:采样日期和地点、队列描述符、在人体生物矩阵中测量到的 PFAS、11 个类别的食品消费信息、11 个类别的产品/文章使用情况以及报告的相关值(及其统计强度)。通过文献检索和筛选过程,获得了 103 项研究的相关信息,这些信息涉及 PFAS 暴露的相关因素。我们提取并汇编了生物矩阵浓度与膳食消费和其他产品/微粒使用之间的 PFAS 相关性测量的详细数据。大多数研究(61/103;59%)发表于 2015 年之后,只有少数研究(8/103;8%)发表于 2010 年之前。关于膳食相关性的研究最多(n = 94),而报告产品使用相关性评估的出版物较少(n = 56),但有些研究对两者都进行了研究。几乎所有研究都对全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸进行了评估,其次是全氟己烷磺酸、全氟萘磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸,50%的研究纳入了这些物质。没有相关研究包括 PFNS 或 PFPeS。在 94 项膳食相关性研究中,83% 的研究报告了一种或多种 PFAS 的显著相关性。膳食相关性最常见的是海产品、肉类/蛋类和谷物/谷物/豆类。在 56 项关于产品/物品相关性的研究中,70% 的研究报告了显著的相关性。最常见的具有重大相关性的产品/物品是烟草、化妆品/厕所、不粘锅以及地毯/地板/家具和住房。在 11 个产品/物品类别中,有 6 个类别包含 5 项或更少的研究,包括食品容器和防污防水产品。显著的膳食和产品/物品相关性多为正相关。一些研究发现,根据全氟辛烷磺酸、特定相关物质和特定反应水平的不同,正相关和负相关并存,尤其是脂肪/油、乳制品消费、食品容器和化妆品/盥洗用品。谷物/谷物/豆类的大部分重要发现都是负相关。有大量证据表明,在多个食品类别中,膳食摄入量与几种全氟辛烷磺酸的生物矩阵水平之间存在相关性。除吸烟/烟草外,对产品/物品使用关系的研究相对较少,因此需要开展更多的研究。由此产生的数据库可为进一步评估膳食和产品使用的暴露关系提供信息,并可为更好地了解 PFAS 来源与暴露关系的新研究提供信息。应扩展并实施该搜索策略,以支持这一快速发展领域的活体证据审查。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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