International journal of hygiene and environmental health最新文献

Differential metabolic profiles by training fire exposure in female firefighters 女性消防员在火灾暴露训练中代谢谱的差异

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114746

Tuo Liu , James Hollister , Krystal J. Kern , Michelle Valenti , Shawn C. Beitel , John J. Gulotta , Sara A. Jahnke , Heather Buren , John Haseney , Brian O'Neill , Caitlin St Clair , Yiwen Liu , Frank von Hippel , Catherine E. Mullins , Douglas I. Walker , Jaclyn M. Goodrich , Jefferey L. Burgess , Melissa A. Furlong

Background

Female firefighters face elevated risks for cancer and reproductive disorders, but the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain unclear.

Objectives

This study aimed to identify urinary metabolites and metabolic processes associated with training fire exposure among female municipal firefighters.

Methods

High-resolution metabolomics (HRM) was conducted on urine samples collected before and after live-fire training from female firefighters enrolled in the Fire Fighter Cancer Cohort Study. Linear mixed-effects models, adjusting for age, education, and Hispanic ethnicity, were used to identify differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) with false discovery rate correction. Functional enrichment analysis (FEA) via metabolite-set enrichment analysis (MSEA) from MetaboAnalyst was performed to identify enriched metabolic processes. A stratified analysis examined the influence of fire types on post-fire metabolic profiles.

Results

One hundred female firefighters donated a total of 200 urine samples (100 pre-, 100 post-fire). HRM was performed in four modes including HILIC(+), HILIC(−), C18(+), and C18(−). We identified 200, 300, 280, and 306 metabolites and 10, 9, 23, and 19 post-training fire DEMs from the four modes, respectively. FEA highlighted enrichment of glycerophospholipid metabolism (p < 0.05). Stratified analysis identified 11 DEMs by fire type with greater changes observed following burn room/tower exposures compared to flashover fires.

Conclusion

Training fire exposure induced widespread metabolic alterations in female firefighters, particularly in pathways related to oxidative stress and cell damage. These findings suggest potential biological pathways linking repeated fire exposure to chronic inflammation and disease risk. Burn room/tower burn exercises elicited more pronounced metabolic shifts than flashover fires.

女性消防员患癌症和生殖障碍的风险较高，但其潜在的代谢机制尚不清楚。目的：本研究旨在确定女性市政消防员的尿液代谢物和代谢过程与火灾暴露相关。方法对参加消防员癌症队列研究的女性消防员实弹训练前后的尿液样本进行高分辨率代谢组学（HRM）分析。线性混合效应模型，调整了年龄、教育和西班牙裔种族，用于识别差异表达代谢物（dem），并校正了错误发现率。通过MetaboAnalyst代谢物集富集分析（MSEA）进行功能富集分析（FEA），以确定富集的代谢过程。分层分析研究了火灾类型对火灾后代谢谱的影响。结果100名女消防员共捐献尿样200份（火灾前100份，火灾后100份）。采用HILIC（+）、HILIC（-）、C18（+）、C18（-）四种模式进行HRM。我们从四种模式中分别鉴定出200、300、280和306种代谢物，以及10、9、23和19种训练后的fire dem。FEA显示甘油磷脂代谢富集（p < 0.05）。分层分析确定了火灾类型的11个dem，与闪燃火灾相比，烧伤房间/塔楼暴露后观察到的变化更大。结论：暴露在训练火中会引起女性消防员广泛的代谢改变，特别是在氧化应激和细胞损伤相关的途径中。这些发现表明，反复接触火与慢性炎症和疾病风险之间存在潜在的生物学途径。燃烧室/塔燃烧练习比闪火引起更明显的代谢变化。

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引用次数: 0

Wastewater reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium and H2S by using TiO2 films deposited by spin coating or magnetron sputtering 自旋镀膜或磁控溅射沉积TiO2膜对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和H2S废水的还原研究

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114738

Luz A. Rincón-Barón , Luis A. Cañón-Tafur , María P. Forero-Carvajal , Laura G. Ramírez-Alemán , Luis C. Jiménez-Borrego , Lucia A. Díaz-Ariza , Augusto E. Mejía-Gómez , Camilo Velez , Ana K. Carrascal-Camacho , Claudia M. Rivera-Hoyos , Aura M. Pedroza-Rodríguez

Salmonellosis is one of the most common infectious diseases transmitted by contaminated food or water. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Salmonella Typhimurium is associated with an increase in the incidence of invasive salmonellosis, acquired through contaminated products or water. Therefore, wastewater treatment is crucial for reducing the risk of infection, especially when this water is to be used or reused in agro-industrial sectors without proper treatment. This research studied TiO₂ film photocatalysis deposited by spin coating and magnetron sputtering for the simultaneous reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium and H₂S in wastewater. The TiO₂ films produced by spin coating and annealed at 550 °C exhibit aggregate-dominated growth, generating heterogeneous and clustered surfaces, with the anatase phase (bandwidth 3.14 eV) as the predominant crystalline structure; while the films deposited by magnetron sputtering showed a dense and uniform morphology, associated with the columnar growth typical of this technique, with good adhesion to the porous biochar substrate. At 200 °C, a mixture of anatase–rutile phases with a bandwidth of 3.21 eV occurred. Results showed that both types of TiO₂ films reduced more than 79 ± 2 % of bacteria and generated qualitative changes in H₂S production by the colonies and reducing more than 78 ± 2 % of the H₂S responsible for unpleasant odours. These results suggest that the photocatalysis process with both kinds of TiO₂ films could serve as a complementary treatment to conventional wastewater treatment technologies, favouring the production of water free of Salmonella Typhimurium and reusable in activities that do not involve direct human consumption.

沙门氏菌病是由受污染的食物或水传播的最常见的传染病之一。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌耐抗生素菌株的出现与通过受污染的产品或水获得的侵袭性沙门氏菌病发病率的增加有关。因此，废水处理对于降低感染风险至关重要，特别是当这些水在未经适当处理的情况下用于或再用于农工部门时。本研究采用自旋镀膜和磁控溅射沉积TiO2薄膜光催化同时还原废水中的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和H2S。550℃退火后的TiO2薄膜呈现出以聚集为主的生长模式，形成了非均质和簇状的表面，其中锐钛矿相（带宽为3.14 eV）为主要晶体结构；而磁控溅射沉积的薄膜表现出致密和均匀的形态，与该技术典型的柱状生长有关，与多孔生物炭衬底具有良好的附着力。在200℃时，出现了带宽为3.21 eV的锐钛矿-金红石相混合物。结果表明，两种类型的TiO2膜均减少了79±2%以上的细菌，并使菌落产生的H2S发生了质变，减少了78±2%以上的产生难闻气味的H2S。这些结果表明，两种TiO2膜的光催化工艺可以作为传统废水处理技术的补充，有利于生产不含鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的水，并且可以在不涉及人类直接消费的活动中重复使用。

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引用次数: 0

Systematic review of wild birds as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance: Implications for roof-harvested rainwater safety 野生鸟类作为抗菌素耐药性储存库的系统综述：对屋顶收集雨水安全的影响

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114743

Mira Cooper-Beknazarova , Ben van den Akker , Barbara Drigo , Kirstin Ross , Harriet Whiley , Craig R. Williams

This review investigates the role of wild birds as reservoirs and vectors of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes, and the implications for human health via contamination of harvested rainwater. A systematic literature review revealed that urban-adapted birds, especially gulls and pigeons, frequently carry clinically relevant antimicrobial-resistant bacteria including Carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing E. coli, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as well as colistin and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) resistance genes. Due to urbanisation, these birds often forage in contaminated urban environments such as landfills, sewage sites and waste deposits, which increases their exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes raising concerns about their increasing role in the environmental dissemination of AMR. Roof-harvested rainwater, a growing alternative water source amid climate change and water scarcity, can be contaminated by bird droppings containing antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes. Despite its widespread use, harvested rainwater remains largely unregulated, presenting a public health risk. The findings from this review highlights the need for increased monitoring, targeted research, and improved risk management strategies to address AMR transmission from birds to humans via environmental pathways such as harvested rainwater.

本文综述了野生鸟类作为耐药细菌和耐药基因的宿主和载体的作用，以及雨水污染对人类健康的影响。系统的文献综述发现，适应城市的鸟类，特别是海鸥和鸽子，经常携带临床相关的抗菌耐药细菌，包括耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌（CRE）、耐多药大肠杆菌、产生广谱β -内酰胺酶（ESBL）的大肠杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）以及粘菌素和大环内酯-lincosamide-streptogramin （MLS）抗性基因。由于城市化，这些鸟类经常在被污染的城市环境中觅食，如垃圾填埋场、污水场和废物堆场，这增加了它们对抗微生物药物耐药性细菌和抗微生物药物耐药性基因的暴露，这引起了人们对它们在抗菌素耐药性环境传播中日益重要的作用的担忧。在气候变化和水资源短缺的情况下，屋顶收集的雨水作为一种日益增长的替代水源，可能被含有抗微生物药物耐药性细菌和抗微生物药物耐药性基因的鸟粪污染。尽管雨水被广泛使用，但收集的雨水在很大程度上仍未得到管理，对公众健康构成威胁。这篇综述的发现强调需要加强监测、有针对性的研究和改进风险管理战略，以解决抗生素耐药性通过雨水等环境途径从鸟类传播给人类的问题。

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引用次数: 0

Gestational PBDE concentrations and functional connectivity in adolescents: The HOME Study 孕期多溴二苯醚浓度与青少年的功能连接：HOME研究

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114745

Jonathan Dudley , Kimberly Yolton , Alex D. Edmondson , Yingying Xu , Aimin Chen , Jeffrey R. Strawn , Joseph M. Braun , Andreas Sjodin , Bruce P. Lanphear , Kim M. Cecil

Background

Gestational polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) exposure is linked with adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in children, but scientists do not fully understand how these flame retardants damage the developing brain.

Objective

We estimated the association of gestational PBDE serum concentrations and intrinsic functional connectivity in 143 adolescents from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort enrolling from 2003 to 2006.

Methods

We measured maternal serum concentrations of five PBDE congeners and created a summary variable (∑₅BDE) during pregnancy. At age 12 years, we acquired high resolution anatomical and resting state functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging to examine the relationship between gestational concentrations and intrinsic functional connectivity, adjusting for covariates. We assessed behaviors, mental health symptoms, and executive function using self- and caregiver-reports. We examined whether functional connectivity patterns mediated the observed associations between gestational PBDE concentrations and neurobehavioral outcomes.

Results

Higher gestational BDE-153 serum concentrations were associated with higher local correlation in the left inferior lateral occipital cortex. Higher gestational PBDE serum concentrations (BDE-28, -47, −99, −100, and the ∑₅BDE) were associated with reduced global correlation in the primary visual cortex. Seed-to-voxel connectivity patterns showed significant mediation for associations between ∑₅BDE and neurobehavioral outcomes.

Discussion

Higher gestational PBDE serum concentrations were associated with diminished connectivity in the primary visual cortex. Connectivity patterns also mediated the relationship between gestational ∑₅BDE concentrations and neurobehavioral outcomes at age 12. These findings suggest that gestational PBDE exposure alters how the brain processes visual information across global networks.

妊娠期接触多溴联苯醚（PBDE）与儿童不良的神经行为结果有关，但科学家们并不完全了解这些阻燃剂是如何损害发育中的大脑的。目的：我们从健康结局和环境测量（HOME）研究中估计143名青少年妊娠期多溴二苯醚血清浓度与内在功能连通性的关系，这是一项2003年至2006年纳入的前瞻性妊娠和出生队列研究。方法测定孕妇妊娠期间5种多溴二苯醚同系物的血清浓度，并建立汇总变量∑5BDE。在12岁时，我们获得了高分辨率解剖和静息状态功能磁共振神经成像，以检查妊娠浓度与内在功能连通性之间的关系，并调整了协变量。我们使用自我报告和照顾者报告来评估行为、心理健康症状和执行功能。我们研究了功能连接模式是否介导了妊娠多溴二苯醚浓度与神经行为结果之间的关联。结果妊娠期血清BDE-153浓度增高与左侧下外侧枕皮质局部相关性增高有关。较高的妊娠期血清PBDE浓度（BDE-28、-47、- 99、- 100和∑5BDE）与初级视觉皮层整体相关性降低相关。种子-体素连接模式表明∑5BDE与神经行为结果之间存在显著的关联。妊娠期较高的多溴二苯醚血清浓度与初级视觉皮层连通性下降有关。连接模式还介导了妊娠期∑5BDE浓度与12岁时神经行为结果的关系。这些发现表明，孕期接触多溴二苯醚会改变大脑在全球网络中处理视觉信息的方式。

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引用次数: 0

Prenatal ambient heat exposure and neurodevelopment: A scoping review of human and animal research 产前环境热暴露和神经发育：人类和动物研究的范围综述

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114741

Amina Rhaman , Danielle J. Russell , Leaf R. Kardol , Ebony Quintrell , Shannon Morgan , Candra Maung , Azmain Talukder , Aster Gebremedhin , Stephanie Tan , Ramya Padmavathy Radha Krishnan , Erin Kelty , Caitlin Wyrwoll

Background

Ambient heat exposure during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes, and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes are an emerging concern. This scoping review synthesises human and animal evidence on the association between prenatal ambient heat exposure and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Methods

A search was conducted across MEDLINE, Global Health, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. Studies up until May 2025, examining prenatal ambient heat exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes such as congenital malformations and mental health conditions, were included. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted in duplicate using Covidence. Studies were categorised based on short-term or long-term outcomes.

Results

The search yielded 8189 studies, with 58 meeting the inclusion criteria (17 human, 41 animal). Animal evidence was primarily based on rodents (n = 32) exposed to extreme heat that caused hyperthermia. Human studies were methodologically diverse, yielding inconsistent results. There was robust evidence to suggest an increased risk of central nervous system (CNS) malformations and a reduction in brain weight in animal studies. However, evidence from the small number of human studies was inconclusive. For long-term outcomes, such as mental health (n = 11), both human and animal studies were limited but generally reported adverse outcomes.

Conclusion

Overall, the evidence suggests a potential link between prenatal heat exposure, CNS malformations and altered brain size in animal models; however, the implications for humans remain uncertain. Human studies were scarce and inconsistent in their approaches. Future animal studies should employ realistic heat exposures to improve human applicability, and human studies should utilise consistent outcomes and exposure measures.

背景：妊娠期环境热暴露与不良后果有关，不良的神经发育后果是一个新出现的问题。本综述综合了产前环境热暴露与不良神经发育结果之间的关联的人类和动物证据。方法检索MEDLINE、Global Health、Web of Science、PsycINFO和CINAHL。截至2025年5月的研究包括了产前环境热暴露和神经发育结果，如先天性畸形和精神健康状况。两名审稿人独立筛选并使用covid - ence进行重复提取。研究根据短期或长期结果进行分类。结果共检索到8189项研究，其中58项符合纳入标准（17人，41动物）。动物证据主要是基于暴露在导致高热的极端高温下的啮齿动物（n = 32）。人体研究方法多样，结果不一致。有有力的证据表明，在动物研究中，中枢神经系统（CNS）畸形的风险增加，脑重量减少。然而，来自少量人体研究的证据尚无定论。对于长期结果，如心理健康（n = 11），人类和动物研究都很有限，但通常报告了不良结果。总之，有证据表明，在动物模型中，产前热暴露、中枢神经系统畸形和脑大小改变之间存在潜在联系；然而，对人类的影响仍不确定。人体研究很少，方法也不一致。未来的动物研究应该采用真实的热暴露来提高人类的适用性，人类研究应该利用一致的结果和暴露措施。

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引用次数: 0

Maternal serum polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations during pregnancy and adolescent bone mineral density at age 12 years 妊娠期间母体血清多溴联苯醚浓度与12岁青少年骨密度

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114742

Katherine M. Marquess , Jordan R. Kuiper , Bruce P. Lanphear , Antonia M. Calafat , Andreas Sjodin , Maria Ospina , Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá , Kim M. Cecil , Halley Wasserman , Yingying Xu , Kimberly Yolton , Heidi J. Kalkwarf , Joseph M. Braun , Aimin Chen , Jessie P. Buckley

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used as chemical flame retardants, are developmental osteotoxicants in mechanistic studies, but the effects of in utero exposure on adolescent bone health are unknown. We examined associations of gestational serum PBDE concentrations and BMD Z-scores in adolescence. Among 184 mother-adolescent pairs enrolled in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study (Cincinnati, OH: 2003–2006), we quantified five PBDEs in maternal serum and four organophosphate ester (OPE) metabolites in maternal urine collected at 16- or 26-weeks gestation. At age 12 years, we conducted dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans and calculated bone mineral density (BMD) Z-scores for six skeletal sites. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations per log₁₀ increase in maternal serum PBDE concentrations using linear regression and assessed effect measure modification (EMM) by adolescent's sex using interaction terms. We also examined PBDE and OPE mixtures using quantile-based g-computation. In adjusted models, BDE-153 concentrations were associated with lower femoral neck BMD (β: −0.42; 95 % CI: −0.79, −0.05). Results were similar but weaker for other individual PBDEs and their mixture. The associations of BDEs-28, -47, and -100 with hip and femoral neck BMD Z-score were modified by adolescent's sex. For example, log₁₀ BDE-28 was associated with total hip BMD Z-score differences of −0.75 (95 % CI: −1.50, 0.01) for males and 0.21 (95 % CI: −0.31, 0.74) for females (EMM p = 0.04). Higher quartiles of the PBDE + OPE mixture showed weak, site-specific associations with BMD, though all CIs crossed the null. In utero PBDE exposure may negatively affect adolescent bone health.

作为化学阻燃剂的多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）在机理研究中是发育性骨毒性物质，但子宫内暴露对青少年骨骼健康的影响尚不清楚。我们研究了妊娠期血清多溴二苯醚浓度与青春期BMD z -评分之间的关系。在184对纳入健康结果和环境测量研究（俄亥俄州辛辛那提：2003-2006）的母亲-青少年对中，我们量化了在妊娠16或26周收集的母亲血清中的五种多溴二苯醚和母亲尿液中的四种有机磷酯（OPE）代谢物。在12岁时，我们进行了双能x线吸收仪扫描并计算了六个骨骼部位的骨矿物质密度（BMD） z分数。我们使用线性回归估计了每增加log10的母体血清多溴二苯醚浓度的协变量调整关联，并使用交互作用项评估了青少年性别的效应测量修正（EMM）。我们还使用基于分位数的g计算检查了PBDE和OPE混合物。在调整后的模型中，BDE-153浓度与股骨颈下部骨密度相关（β: - 0.42; 95% CI: - 0.79, - 0.05）。结果相似，但较弱的其他个体多溴二苯醚及其混合物。BDEs-28、-47、-100与髋、股骨颈BMD Z-score的相关性受青少年性别影响。例如，log10 BDE-28与男性髋部总BMD Z-score差异的相关性为- 0.75 (95% CI: - 1.50, 0.01)，女性为0.21 (95% CI: - 0.31, 0.74) （EMM p = 0.04）。PBDE + OPE混合物的高四分位数与BMD表现出微弱的、位点特异性的关联，尽管所有ci都越过了null。在子宫内接触多溴二苯醚可能对青少年骨骼健康产生负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Urinary cotinine cut-offs for tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy and associations with child intelligence quotient: A multi-cohort analysis 妊娠期暴露于烟草烟雾中的尿可替宁临界值与儿童智商的关系：一项多队列分析

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114744

Yu Ni , Logan C. Dearborn , Adam A. Szpiro , Christine T. Loftus , Qi Zhao , Nicole R. Bush , Kaja Z. LeWinn , Marnie F. Hazlehurst , Thomas F. Northrup , Penelope J.E. Quintana , Eunha Hoh , Georg Matt , Catherine J. Karr

Background

Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke may impair neurodevelopment in children. However, accurately characterizing this exposure remains challenging.

Methods

We pursued two objectives in this large population study. First, in 1708 pregnant women from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort, we constructed Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to determine urinary cotinine cut-offs to classify firsthand (FHS), environmental (ETS), and no exposure, and further distinguished secondhand (SHS) from thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure within ETS. Second, among 1593 participants in three pregnancy cohorts nested in ECHO, we fit multivariable linear regressions to examine the association between the newly defined smoke exposures and child full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) at age 4–6 years, and to assess potential effect modification by maternal education or neighborhood deprivation.

Results

Optimal cotinine cut-offs were 17.74 ng/mL and 0.44 ng/mL to discriminate FHS and no exposure, respectively. Among the ETS group, a cut-off of 5.69 ng/mL differentiated SHS from THS. Applying these optimal cut-offs, we estimated a 0.93-point (95 %CI: 3.44, 1.59) and a 1.03-point (95 %CI: 2.84, 0.79) lower child IQ in the FHS and ETS categories, respectively, compared to no exposure. The inverse association between prenatal ETS and child IQ was mainly driven by SHS. Stronger associations were suggested in subgroups with higher education attainment or those living in less deprived neighborhoods.

Conclusions

This study provides a novel classification of prenatal tobacco smoke exposures. Although the associations with child IQ were statistically insignificant, the study carries important implications for future research on developmental origins of diseases.

产前接触烟草烟雾可能损害儿童的神经发育。然而，准确地描述这种暴露仍然具有挑战性。方法在这项大规模人群研究中，我们追求两个目标。首先，在来自环境影响儿童健康结局（ECHO）队列的1708名孕妇中，我们构建了受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线来确定尿可替宁的截止值，以分类第一手（FHS）、环境（ETS）和无暴露，并进一步区分ETS中的二手（SHS）和三手烟（THS）暴露。其次，在ECHO中嵌套的三个妊娠队列的1593名参与者中，我们拟合多变量线性回归来检验新定义的烟雾暴露与4-6岁儿童全面智商（IQ）之间的关系，并评估母亲教育或邻里剥夺的潜在影响。结果可替宁的最佳临界值分别为17.74 ng/mL和0.44 ng/mL。在ETS组中，将SHS与THS区分开来的截止值为5.69 ng/mL。应用这些最佳截断值，我们估计与没有暴露相比，FHS和ETS类别的儿童智商分别降低0.93点（95% CI: 3.44, 1.59）和1.03点（95% CI: 2.84, 0.79）。产前ETS与儿童智商呈负相关，主要由SHS驱动。在受教育程度较高或生活在较贫困社区的亚组中，这种关联更强。结论本研究提供了一种新的产前烟草烟雾暴露分类方法。虽然与儿童智商的关联在统计上不显著，但这项研究对未来研究疾病的发育起源具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Perinatal environmental exposures, maternal mental health and cognitive outcomes in very preterm infants born in urban London 围产期环境暴露，孕产妇心理健康和认知结果在伦敦城市出生的极早产儿。

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114740

Zeyuan Sun , Kaili Liang , Andrew Lawrence , Marguerite Leoni , Serena J. Counsell , Paola Dazzan , A David Edwards , Chiara Nosarti

Introduction

Very preterm (VPT) infants face elevated neurodevelopmental risks. The impact of perinatal environmental exposures, where complex factors may affect maternal mental health and infant outcomes, remains poorly understood. This study examines how joint environmental exposures relate to postnatal maternal anxiety and neurodevelopment in VPT infants.

Methods

We included 427 VPT infants born in Greater London (2010–2013). We derived residential environmental exposures: air pollutants, noise, and open space. Clustering analysis identified exposure profiles. At term-equivalent age (38–44 weeks), infants underwent T2-weighted MRI for brain volume and cortical feature analysis. Maternal anxiety, assessed at term; neurodevelopment, evaluated at 18–24 months; and brain development were compared between exposure clusters, adjusting for socioeconomic status (SES). We further explored the role of SES in environmental exposure.

Results

Three exposure profiles emerged. Compared to Group 1 (reference; n = 358), Group 2 (n = 42), characterised by poor air quality and limited open space, had a higher risk of cognitive delay and greater socioeconomic disadvantage. Conversely, Group 3 (n = 27; low noise exposure) exhibited reduced maternal anxiety. SES contributed 20.91 % of the environmental effect on cognitive delay. No significant differences in brain volumes or cortical features were observed.

Conclusion

Perinatal environmental exposures have distinct effects on maternal-infant outcomes. Neurotoxicant exposure and limited access to restorative environments may negatively impact early neurodevelopment, while noise reduction may support maternal mental health. These findings underscore the importance of environmental factors in shaping early development and highlight the need for further research into underlying biological mechanisms and long-term effects.

极早产儿（VPT）面临较高的神经发育风险。围产期环境暴露的影响，其中复杂因素可能影响产妇心理健康和婴儿结局，仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨了联合环境暴露与产后母亲焦虑和VPT婴儿神经发育的关系。方法：我们纳入了2010-2013年在大伦敦出生的427名VPT婴儿。我们得出了住宅环境暴露：空气污染物、噪音和开放空间。聚类分析确定了暴露概况。在足月等龄（38-44周），婴儿接受t2加权MRI检查脑容量和皮质特征分析。产妇焦虑，足月评估；神经发育，18-24个月时评估；在调整社会经济地位（SES）后，比较不同暴露组之间的大脑发育情况。我们进一步探讨了SES在环境暴露中的作用。结果：出现了三种暴露谱。与第1组（参考文献；n = 358）相比，第2组（n = 42）的特点是空气质量差，开放空间有限，认知延迟的风险更高，社会经济劣势更大。相反，第3组（n = 27；低噪音暴露）表现出降低的母亲焦虑。环境因素对认知延迟的影响占20.91%。在脑容量或皮质特征上没有观察到显著差异。结论：围产期环境暴露对母婴结局有明显影响。接触神经毒物和接触恢复性环境的机会有限可能对早期神经发育产生负面影响，而减少噪音可能有助于产妇的心理健康。这些发现强调了环境因素在塑造早期发育中的重要性，并强调了进一步研究潜在生物学机制和长期影响的必要性。

{"title":"Perinatal environmental exposures, maternal mental health and cognitive outcomes in very preterm infants born in urban London","authors":"Zeyuan Sun , Kaili Liang , Andrew Lawrence , Marguerite Leoni , Serena J. Counsell , Paola Dazzan , A David Edwards , Chiara Nosarti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Very preterm (VPT) infants face elevated neurodevelopmental risks. The impact of perinatal environmental exposures, where complex factors may affect maternal mental health and infant outcomes, remains poorly understood. This study examines how joint environmental exposures relate to postnatal maternal anxiety and neurodevelopment in VPT infants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 427 VPT infants born in Greater London (2010–2013). We derived residential environmental exposures: air pollutants, noise, and open space. Clustering analysis identified exposure profiles. At term-equivalent age (38–44 weeks), infants underwent T2-weighted MRI for brain volume and cortical feature analysis. Maternal anxiety, assessed at term; neurodevelopment, evaluated at 18–24 months; and brain development were compared between exposure clusters, adjusting for socioeconomic status (SES). We further explored the role of SES in environmental exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three exposure profiles emerged. Compared to Group 1 (reference; n = 358), Group 2 (n = 42), characterised by poor air quality and limited open space, had a higher risk of cognitive delay and greater socioeconomic disadvantage. Conversely, Group 3 (n = 27; low noise exposure) exhibited reduced maternal anxiety. SES contributed 20.91 % of the environmental effect on cognitive delay. No significant differences in brain volumes or cortical features were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Perinatal environmental exposures have distinct effects on maternal-infant outcomes. Neurotoxicant exposure and limited access to restorative environments may negatively impact early neurodevelopment, while noise reduction may support maternal mental health. These findings underscore the importance of environmental factors in shaping early development and highlight the need for further research into underlying biological mechanisms and long-term effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 114740"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In utero and early childhood exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and use of antibiotics in children from the Odense Child Cohort: A Danish cohort study 来自欧登塞儿童队列的儿童在子宫和幼儿期接触全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质以及抗生素的使用：一项丹麦队列研究。

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114734

Nete Lundager Klokker Rausgaard , Lise Gehrt , Martin Thomsen Ernst , Iben Have Beck , Flemming Nielsen , Helene Kildegaard , Anton Pottegård , Tina Kold Jensen , Lars Christian Lund

Background

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with an increased risk of infectious diseases. We aimed to investigate if in utero and early childhood exposure to PFAS was associated with the number of antibiotic prescriptions up to eight years of age.

Methods

Among 2448 singleton mother-child pairs from the Odense Child Cohort, 1425 had sufficient information on key variables and were included in the primary analysis. Information on redeemed antibiotic prescriptions from birth to eight years of age was obtained from the Danish National Prescription Registry. Longitudinal discrete-time Poisson models were used to quantify the relationship between PFAS and the number of antibiotic prescriptions redeemed. Analyses were carried out separately for PFAS measured in the mother during pregnancy and in the child at 18 months of age. Missing information was imputed using Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations.

Results

We observed no differences in the number of antibiotic prescriptions in the first eight years of life when comparing median and high PFAS concentrations measured in both pregnancy and at 18 months of age (rate ratio PFOA 1.01, 95 % confidence interval 0.94–1.08; PFOS 1.08, 0.98–1.19; PFNA 1.00, 0.94–1.07; PFDA 0.99, 0.94–1.04; PFHxS 1.02, 0.98–1.07).

Conclusion

We found no association between in utero or early childhood PFAS concentrations and number of antibiotic prescriptions up to eight years of age. Antibiotic prescriptions may be an unspecific marker of childhood infections, hampering the possibility to observe an association with PFAS exposure.

Trial registration

Real World Evidence Registry: https://osf.io/dyqxm, registered March 8, 2023.

背景：全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）与传染病风险增加有关。我们的目的是调查在子宫和儿童早期暴露于PFAS是否与8岁前抗生素处方的数量有关。方法：在欧登塞儿童队列的2448对独生子女中，1425对关键变量信息充分，纳入初步分析。从出生到8岁的抗生素处方的信息是从丹麦国家处方登记处获得的。使用纵向离散泊松模型来量化PFAS与抗生素处方赎回数量之间的关系。分别对母亲怀孕期间和孩子18个月时的PFAS进行分析。缺失信息的输入采用链式方程的多重输入。结果：比较妊娠期和18月龄时PFAS中位浓度和高浓度时，我们观察到前8年抗生素处方数量无差异（比率比PFOA 1.01, 95%可信区间0.94-1.08;PFOS 1.08, 0.98-1.19; PFNA 1.00, 0.94-1.07; PFDA 0.99, 0.94-1.04; PFHxS 1.02, 0.98-1.07）。结论：我们没有发现子宫内或儿童早期PFAS浓度与8岁前抗生素处方数量之间的关联。抗生素处方可能是儿童感染的非特异性标记，阻碍了观察与PFAS暴露相关的可能性。试验注册：Real World Evidence Registry: https://osf.io/dyqxm， 2023年3月8日注册。

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引用次数: 0

Association between residential proximity to crop areas and childhood acute leukemia risk in mainland France – GEOCAP case-control study 在法国大陆，居住地靠近种植区与儿童急性白血病风险的关系——GEOCAP病例对照研究

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114737

Matthieu Mancini , Laure Faure , Claire Poulalhon , Aurélie Danjou , Stéphanie Goujon

Background

Pesticide exposures are suspected to be a risk factor for several childhood cancers, particularly acute leukemia (AL) and the most common type, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The role of environmental exposures due to agricultural uses of pesticides remains debated.

Objective

The study aimed to investigate whether residential proximity to different crops, used as a proxy for pesticide exposures, is associated with an increased risk of AL in France.

Methods

We included 2731 AL cases diagnosed in 2008–2013 and 28,303 controls representative of the contemporary French pediatric population (1–14 years old), drawn from the national registry-based GEOCAP study. National annual maps of agricultural land use were developed to assess proximity to 13 crop types. Multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age were used to evaluate the association with the densities of crops within 1000 m of children's addresses. A hierarchical classification was also used to categorize children according to their agricultural neighborhood profiles.

Results

The majority of children (69 %) lived less than 1000 m from crops at time of diagnosis/inclusion. Barley and viticulture densities were positively associated with ALL: Odds ratio (OR) = 1.05 (1.00–1.10) and 1.06 (0.99–1.13) for a density increase of 3 % and 10 %, respectively. Two agricultural neighborhood profiles were also associated with an increased risk of ALL: ‘Vines (large areas)’, OR = 1.35 (1.03–1.78) and ‘Wheat with diverse crops’, OR = 1.28 (1.10–1.49). The results remained stable across sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

Our results support the hypothesis of a role of agricultural pesticide exposures in childhood ALL risk. Future research should focus on the chemical substances applied to crops.

背景：农药暴露被怀疑是几种儿童癌症的危险因素，特别是急性白血病（AL）和最常见的急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）。由于农业使用农药而造成的环境暴露的作用仍然存在争议。目的：该研究旨在调查法国不同作物的住宅邻近程度（作为农药暴露的代表）是否与AL风险增加有关。方法：我们纳入了2008-2013年诊断的2731例AL病例和28,303例对照，这些病例代表了当代法国儿科人群（1-14岁），来自全国基于登记的GEOCAP研究。制定了全国农业土地利用年度地图，以评估与13种作物类型的接近程度。使用调整年龄的多变量logistic回归模型来评估与儿童地址1000米内作物密度的关系。分层分类也被用于根据他们的农业社区概况对儿童进行分类。结果：大多数儿童（69%）在诊断/纳入时生活在距离作物不到1000米的地方。大麦和葡萄密度与ALL呈显著正相关：当密度增加3%和10%时，优势比分别为1.05（1.00-1.10）和1.06（0.99-1.13）。两种农业社区情况也与ALL风险增加有关：“葡萄（大面积）”，OR = 1.35（1.03-1.78）和“小麦与多种作物”，OR = 1.28（1.10-1.49）。结果在敏感性分析中保持稳定。结论：我们的研究结果支持农药暴露与儿童ALL风险有关的假设。今后的研究应集中在应用于作物的化学物质上。

{"title":"Association between residential proximity to crop areas and childhood acute leukemia risk in mainland France – GEOCAP case-control study","authors":"Matthieu Mancini , Laure Faure , Claire Poulalhon , Aurélie Danjou , Stéphanie Goujon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pesticide exposures are suspected to be a risk factor for several childhood cancers, particularly acute leukemia (AL) and the most common type, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The role of environmental exposures due to agricultural uses of pesticides remains debated.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to investigate whether residential proximity to different crops, used as a proxy for pesticide exposures, is associated with an increased risk of AL in France.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 2731 AL cases diagnosed in 2008–2013 and 28,303 controls representative of the contemporary French pediatric population (1–14 years old), drawn from the national registry-based GEOCAP study. National annual maps of agricultural land use were developed to assess proximity to 13 crop types. Multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age were used to evaluate the association with the densities of crops within 1000 m of children's addresses. A hierarchical classification was also used to categorize children according to their agricultural neighborhood profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of children (69 %) lived less than 1000 m from crops at time of diagnosis/inclusion. Barley and viticulture densities were positively associated with ALL: Odds ratio (OR) = 1.05 (1.00–1.10) and 1.06 (0.99–1.13) for a density increase of 3 % and 10 %, respectively. Two agricultural neighborhood profiles were also associated with an increased risk of ALL: ‘Vines (large areas)’, OR = 1.35 (1.03–1.78) and ‘Wheat with diverse crops’, OR = 1.28 (1.10–1.49). The results remained stable across sensitivity analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results support the hypothesis of a role of agricultural pesticide exposures in childhood ALL risk. Future research should focus on the chemical substances applied to crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 114737"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0