Where have Ukrainian refugees gone? Identifying potential settlement areas across European regions integrating digital and traditional geographic data

IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI:10.1002/psp.2790
Miguel González-Leonardo, Ruth Neville, Sofía Gil-Clavel, Francisco Rowe
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Abstract

The escalation of conflict in Ukraine has triggered the largest refugee crisis in Europe since WWII. As of early April 2024, over 5.9 million people have fled Ukraine. Large-scale efforts have been made to identify the major receiving countries. However, less is known about the subnational areas within host countries where refugees have migrated. Identifying these areas is key for the appropriate allocation of humanitarian aid. By combining digital Facebook API data and traditional data from Eurostat, this paper aims to identify and characterise potential settlement areas of Ukrainians across the main destination countries in Europe. We identify high concentrations of Ukrainians in urban areas with a preexisting diaspora and tight labour market conditions across southern, northern-west and central Poland and the city of Prague in the Czech Republic. We also find potential settlements in key urban agglomerations with a moderate diaspora and high levels of unemployment in Spain. Only in Romania, refugees seem to have settled in rural areas which show a moderate diaspora but low levels of unemployment. Potential settlement areas in Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom are spread across the country. Surprisingly, we do not identify potential settlement areas in bordering regions with Ukraine within neighbouring countries, suggesting that refugees may have used them as transit points. Our findings point out that different packages of humanitarian assistance may be needed according to the number of refugees and the characteristics of settlement areas.

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乌克兰难民去哪儿了?整合数字和传统地理数据,确定欧洲各地区的潜在定居区
乌克兰冲突的升级引发了自二战以来欧洲最大的难民危机。截至 2024 年 4 月初,已有超过 590 万人逃离乌克兰。为确定主要接收国,人们已经做出了大量努力。然而,人们对收容国境内难民迁徙的次国家地区却知之甚少。确定这些地区是适当分配人道主义援助的关键。通过将 Facebook API 数字数据与欧盟统计局的传统数据相结合,本文旨在确定乌克兰人在欧洲主要目的地国的潜在定居地区并描述其特征。我们在波兰南部、西北部和中部以及捷克共和国的布拉格市发现了乌克兰人高度集中的城市地区,这些地区以前就有侨民,劳动力市场条件紧张。我们还发现,在西班牙,散居人口较少、失业率较高的主要城市群也有可能成为难民的聚居地。只有在罗马尼亚,难民似乎在农村地区定居,这些地区有中等程度的侨民,但失业率较低。德国、意大利和英国的潜在定居区遍布全国各地。令人惊讶的是,我们没有在邻国中与乌克兰接壤的地区发现潜在的定居区,这表明难民可能将这些地区作为中转站。我们的研究结果表明,根据难民人数和安置区的特点,可能需要提供不同的一揽子人道主义援助。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
87
期刊介绍: Population, Space and Place aims to be the leading English-language research journal in the field of geographical population studies. It intends to: - Inform population researchers of the best theoretical and empirical research on topics related to population, space and place - Promote and further enhance the international standing of population research through the exchange of views on what constitutes best research practice - Facilitate debate on issues of policy relevance and encourage the widest possible discussion and dissemination of the applications of research on populations - Review and evaluate the significance of recent research findings and provide an international platform where researchers can discuss the future course of population research
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