Effects of inspiratory muscle training on thoracoabdominal volume regulation in older adults: A randomised controlled trial

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.1016/j.resp.2024.104278

James Manifield, Charikleia Alexiou, Dimitrios Megaritis, Katherine Baker, Nicola Adams, Gill Barry, Ioannis Vogiatzis

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Abstract

Objectives

We investigated the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on inspiratory muscle strength, functional capacity and respiratory muscle kinematics during exercise in healthy older adults.

Methods

24 adults were randomised into an IMT or SHAM-IMT group. Both groups performed 30 breaths, twice daily, for 8 weeks, at intensities of ∼50 % maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax; IMT) or <15 % PImax (SHAM-IMT). Measurements of PImax, breathing discomfort during a bout of IMT, six-minute walk distance, physical activity levels, and balance were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Respiratory muscle kinematics were assessed via optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP) during constant work rate cycling.

Results

PImax was significantly improved (by 20.0±11.9 cmH₂O; p=0.001) in the IMT group only. Breathing discomfort ratings during IMT significantly decreased (from 3.5±0.9–1.7±0.8). Daily sedentary time was decreased (by 28.0±39.8 min; p=0.042), and reactive balance significantly improved (by 1.2±0.8; p<0.001) in the IMT group only. OEP measures showed a significantly greater contribution of the pulmonary and abdominal rib cage compartments to total tidal volume expansion post-IMT.

Conclusions

IMT significantly improves inspiratory muscle strength and breathing discomfort in this population. IMT induces greater rib cage expansion and diaphragm descent during exercise, thereby suggesting a less restrictive effect on thoracic expansion and increased diaphragmatic power generation.

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吸气肌肉训练对老年人胸腹容量调节的影响：随机对照试验。

目的：我们研究了吸气肌训练（IMT）对健康老年人运动时吸气肌力量、功能能力和呼吸肌运动学的影响：我们研究了吸气肌训练（IMT）对健康老年人运动时吸气肌力量、功能能力和呼吸肌运动学的影响。方法：将 24 名成年人随机分为 IMT 组或 SHAM-IMT 组。两组均进行 30 次呼吸，每天两次，持续 8 周，强度为最大吸气压力（PImax；IMT）或结果的约 50%：仅 IMT 组的 PImax 有明显改善（20.0±11.9 cmH2O；P=0.001）。在 IMT 过程中，呼吸不适感评分明显降低（从 3.5±0.9 降至 1.7±0.8）。每日久坐时间减少（28.0±39.8 分钟；p=0.042），反应平衡显著改善（1.2±0.8；p结论：IMT能明显改善该人群的吸气肌力和呼吸不适感。在运动过程中，IMT 可诱导肋骨腔更大程度的扩张和膈肌下降，从而减少了对胸廓扩张的限制作用，并增加了膈肌的发电量。

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来源期刊

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 医学-呼吸系统

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

8.70%

发文量

104

审稿时长

54 days

期刊介绍： Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology (RESPNB) publishes original articles and invited reviews concerning physiology and pathophysiology of respiration in its broadest sense. Although a special focus is on topics in neurobiology, high quality papers in respiratory molecular and cellular biology are also welcome, as are high-quality papers in traditional areas, such as: -Mechanics of breathing- Gas exchange and acid-base balance- Respiration at rest and exercise- Respiration in unusual conditions, like high or low pressure or changes of temperature, low ambient oxygen- Embryonic and adult respiration- Comparative respiratory physiology. Papers on clinical aspects, original methods, as well as theoretical papers are also considered as long as they foster the understanding of respiratory physiology and pathophysiology.