Clinical distinction between cognitive disengagement syndrome and ADHD presentations in a nationally representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents.

IF 6.5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1111/jcpp.14005

G Leonard Burns, Stephen P Becker, Juan José Montaño, Mateu Servera

{"title":"Clinical distinction between cognitive disengagement syndrome and ADHD presentations in a nationally representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents.","authors":"G Leonard Burns, Stephen P Becker, Juan José Montaño, Mateu Servera","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study sought to determine whether cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS, formerly sluggish cognitive tempo) has different external correlates relative to ADHD-inattentive presentation (INP), ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive presentation (HIP), and ADHD-combined presentation (CP).Methods: Parents of a nationally representative sample of 5,525 Spanish youth (ages: 5-16, 56.1% boys) completed measures of CDS, ADHD-inattention (IN), and ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) and other measures. Scores greater/less than the top 5% on CDS, ADHD-IN, and ADHD-HI were used to create control (n = 5,013, 90.73%), CDS-only (n = 131, 2.37%), ADHD-INP-only (n = 83, 1.50%), ADHD-HIP-only (n = 113, 2.05%), ADHD-CP-only (n = 48, 0.97%), CDS + ADHD-INP (n = 44, 0.80%), CDS + ADHD-HIP (n = 25, 0.45%), and CDS + ADHD-CP (n = 68, 1.23%) groups.Results: Forty-nine percent of youth with clinically elevated CDS did not qualify for any ADHD presentation, whereas 64% of youth with clinically elevated ADHD did not qualify for CDS. The CDS-only group was higher than the ADHD-INP-only, ADHD-HIP-only, and ADHD-CP-only groups on anxiety, depression, somatization, daytime sleep-related impairment, nighttime sleep disturbance, and peer withdrawal, whereas the CDS-only and ADHD-INP-only groups did not differ on ODD (ADHD-HIP-only and ADHD-CP-only higher) and academic impairment (ADHD-CP-only higher than CDS-only and ADHD-HIP-only lower than CDS-only). The CDS-only group also had higher rates of anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder diagnoses than the ADHD-only group.Conclusions: A distinction was found between CDS and each ADHD presentation, thus providing support for CDS as a syndrome that frequently co-occurs with yet is distinct from each ADHD presentation.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14005","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/5/15 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: This study sought to determine whether cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS, formerly sluggish cognitive tempo) has different external correlates relative to ADHD-inattentive presentation (INP), ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive presentation (HIP), and ADHD-combined presentation (CP).

Methods: Parents of a nationally representative sample of 5,525 Spanish youth (ages: 5-16, 56.1% boys) completed measures of CDS, ADHD-inattention (IN), and ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) and other measures. Scores greater/less than the top 5% on CDS, ADHD-IN, and ADHD-HI were used to create control (n = 5,013, 90.73%), CDS-only (n = 131, 2.37%), ADHD-INP-only (n = 83, 1.50%), ADHD-HIP-only (n = 113, 2.05%), ADHD-CP-only (n = 48, 0.97%), CDS + ADHD-INP (n = 44, 0.80%), CDS + ADHD-HIP (n = 25, 0.45%), and CDS + ADHD-CP (n = 68, 1.23%) groups.

Results: Forty-nine percent of youth with clinically elevated CDS did not qualify for any ADHD presentation, whereas 64% of youth with clinically elevated ADHD did not qualify for CDS. The CDS-only group was higher than the ADHD-INP-only, ADHD-HIP-only, and ADHD-CP-only groups on anxiety, depression, somatization, daytime sleep-related impairment, nighttime sleep disturbance, and peer withdrawal, whereas the CDS-only and ADHD-INP-only groups did not differ on ODD (ADHD-HIP-only and ADHD-CP-only higher) and academic impairment (ADHD-CP-only higher than CDS-only and ADHD-HIP-only lower than CDS-only). The CDS-only group also had higher rates of anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder diagnoses than the ADHD-only group.

Conclusions: A distinction was found between CDS and each ADHD presentation, thus providing support for CDS as a syndrome that frequently co-occurs with yet is distinct from each ADHD presentation.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

在具有全国代表性的西班牙儿童和青少年样本中，认知脱离综合症与多动症的临床表现之间的区别。

研究背景本研究旨在确定认知脱离综合征（CDS，原认知节奏迟缓症）与多动症-注意力不集中表现（INP）、多动症-多动/冲动表现（HIP）和多动症-综合表现（CP）是否有不同的外部相关性：5525 名西班牙青少年（5-16 岁，56.1% 为男孩）的家长完成了 CDS、ADHD-注意力不集中（IN）、ADHD-多动/冲动（HI）及其他测量。CDS、ADHD-IN 和 ADHD-HI 的得分大于/小于前 5%者被用来创建对照组（n = 5013，90.73%）、纯 CDS 组（n = 131，2.37%）、纯 ADHD-INP 组（n = 83，1.50%）、纯 ADHD-HIP 组（n = 113，2.05%）、纯 ADHD-CP 组（n = 48，0.97%）、CDS + ADHD-INP 组（n = 44，0.80%）、CDS + ADHD-HIP 组（n = 25，0.45%）和 CDS + ADHD-CP 组（n = 68，1.23%）：结果：49%临床CDS升高的青少年不符合任何ADHD表现，而64%临床ADHD升高的青少年不符合CDS。纯 CDS 组在焦虑、抑郁、躯体化、白天睡眠相关障碍、夜间睡眠障碍和同伴退缩方面高于纯 ADHD-INP、纯 ADHD-HIP 和纯 ADHD-CP 组，而纯 CDS 组和纯 ADHD-INP 组在 ODD（纯 ADHD-HIP 和纯 ADHD-CP 组更高）和学习障碍（纯 ADHD-CP 组高于纯 CDS 组，纯 ADHD-HIP 组低于纯 CDS 组）方面没有差异。纯 CDS 组的焦虑症、抑郁症和双相情感障碍诊断率也高于纯 ADHD 组：结论：研究发现 CDS 与每种 ADHD 表现之间都存在区别，从而支持 CDS 是一种经常与每种 ADHD 表现同时存在但又截然不同的综合征。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

169

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) is a highly regarded international publication that focuses on the fields of child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. It is recognized for publishing top-tier, clinically relevant research across various disciplines related to these areas. JCPP has a broad global readership and covers a diverse range of topics, including: Epidemiology: Studies on the prevalence and distribution of mental health issues in children and adolescents. Diagnosis: Research on the identification and classification of childhood disorders. Treatments: Psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions for child and adolescent mental health. Behavior and Cognition: Studies on the behavioral and cognitive aspects of childhood disorders. Neuroscience and Neurobiology: Research on the neural and biological underpinnings of child mental health. Genetics: Genetic factors contributing to the development of childhood disorders. JCPP serves as a platform for integrating empirical research, clinical studies, and high-quality reviews from diverse perspectives, theoretical viewpoints, and disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach is a key feature of the journal, as it fosters a comprehensive understanding of child and adolescent mental health. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry is published 12 times a year and is affiliated with the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), which supports the journal's mission to advance knowledge and practice in the field of child and adolescent mental health.