Harm-to-self from gambling: A national study of Australian adults.

IF 6.6 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Journal of Behavioral Addictions Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Print Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1556/2006.2024.00025
Catherine Tulloch, Nerilee Hing, Matthew Browne, Alex M T Russell, Matthew Rockloff, Vijay Rawat
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Abstract

Aims: Understanding how gambling harm is distributed is essential to inform effective harm reduction measures. This first national Australian study of gambling harm-to-self examined the extent, distribution, risk factors, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) impacts of this harm.

Methods: A Random Digit Dialling sample of 15,000 Australian adults was weighted to key population variables. Key measures included the Gambling Harms Scale-10 (GHS-10), PGSI, SF-6D, gambling behaviours, and demographics. Analyses included ordinal logistic regression.

Results: Amongst gamblers, 14.7% reported harm on the GHS-10, including 1.9% reporting high-level harm. While high-level harm occurred mainly in the problem gambling group (77.3%), other PGSI groups accounted for most of the more prevalent low (98.5%) and moderate (87.2%) harms reported. Proximal predictors of greater harm were use of online gambling and more frequent gambling on electronic gaming machines (EGMs), race betting sports betting, poker, skin gambling, scratchies, and loot box purchasing. Distal predictors were being younger, male, single, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, and speaking a non-English language at home. At the population level, the greatest aggregate HRQoL impacts were amongst lower-risk gamblers, confirming the results of other studies regarding the 'prevention paradox'.

Conclusions: The distribution of harm across gambler risk groups indicates the need for preventive measures, not just interventions for problem gambling. Reducing harm requires modifying product features that amplify their risk, especially for EGMs, race betting and sports betting that are both inherently risky and widely used. Gambling harm exacerbates health disparities for disadvantaged and vulnerable groups, requiring targeted resources and support.

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赌博对自身的伤害:一项针对澳大利亚成年人的全国性研究。
目的:了解赌博危害的分布情况对于采取有效的减少危害措施至关重要。这是澳大利亚首次就赌博对自身造成的伤害进行全国性研究,考察了这种伤害的程度、分布、风险因素以及对健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)的影响:随机数字拨号抽样调查了 15,000 名澳大利亚成年人,并根据关键人口变量进行了加权。主要测量指标包括赌博危害量表-10(GHS-10)、PGSI、SF-6D、赌博行为和人口统计学。分析包括顺序逻辑回归:在赌徒中,14.7%的人在GHS-10中报告了伤害,其中1.9%的人报告了高度伤害。高伤害主要发生在问题赌博组(77.3%),而其他 PGSI 组则占了低伤害(98.5%)和中度伤害(87.2%)报告的大多数。造成更大危害的近端预测因素是使用网络赌博和更频繁地使用电子游戏机(EGMs)、赛马博彩、体育博彩、扑克、皮肤赌博、刮刮乐和购买战利品。远端预测因素包括:年轻、男性、单身、土著居民或托雷斯海峡岛民,以及在家讲非英语语言。在人群层面上,风险较低的赌徒的总体HRQoL影响最大,这证实了其他研究关于 "预防悖论 "的结果:结论:危害在不同风险群体中的分布表明,需要采取预防措施,而不仅仅是对问题赌博进行干预。要减少危害,就必须改变那些扩大赌博风险的产品特征,特别是对于电子游戏机、赛马博彩和体育博彩这些本身就存在风险且被广泛使用的产品。赌博危害加剧了弱势群体的健康差距,需要有针对性的资源和支持。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
91
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The aim of Journal of Behavioral Addictions is to create a forum for the scientific information exchange with regard to behavioral addictions. The journal is a broad focused interdisciplinary one that publishes manuscripts on different approaches of non-substance addictions, research reports focusing on the addictive patterns of various behaviors, especially disorders of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum, and also publishes reviews in these topics. Coverage ranges from genetic and neurobiological research through psychological and clinical psychiatric approaches to epidemiological, sociological and anthropological aspects.
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