{"title":"Is Yang-Mills theory unitary in fractional spacetime dimensions?","authors":"Qingjun Jin, Ke Ren, Gang Yang, Rui Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2370-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present concrete evidence that Yang-Mills theory exhibits non-unitarity in non-integer spacetime dimensions. This violation of unitarity stems from evanescent operators that, while vanishing in four dimensions, are non-zero in general <i>d</i> dimensions. We demonstrate that these evanescent operators lead to the emergence of both negative-norm states and complex anomalous dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-024-2370-6","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We present concrete evidence that Yang-Mills theory exhibits non-unitarity in non-integer spacetime dimensions. This violation of unitarity stems from evanescent operators that, while vanishing in four dimensions, are non-zero in general d dimensions. We demonstrate that these evanescent operators lead to the emergence of both negative-norm states and complex anomalous dimensions.
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Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and published by Science China Press, is committed to publishing high-quality, original results in both basic and applied research.
Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, is published in both print and electronic forms. It is indexed by Science Citation Index.
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