Concomitant Central and Peripheral Nervous System Involvement Associated With Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Pediatric Patients: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.

IF 2.9 4区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000004394
Yuan Xue, Zhiwei Yu, Min Cheng, Xiujuan Li, Li Jiang, Wei Han
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Abstract

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( M. pneumoniae ) is a common pathogen for community-acquired pneumonia and is also implicated in a broad array of extra-pulmonary manifestations. M. pneumoniae infection is rarely associated with concurrent central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement in children.

Methods: We report 2 patients who presented with acute encephalitis and polyradiculitis due to M. pneumoniae infection and review the literature to discuss the pathogenesis and treatment of concomitant CNS and PNS involvement associated with M. pneumoniae infection.

Results: We report two 6-year-old boys with M. pneumoniae antecedent infection who presented initially with impaired consciousness followed by limb weakness, limb pain and urinary retention, and responded well to immunotherapy.

Conclusions: We described 2 patients who presented symptomatic combined CNS and PNS involvement with persistent urinary retention associated with M. pneumoniae infection. We found autoimmunity plays an important role and recommend that antibiotics and immunomodulators should be administered with concurrent CNS and PNS involvement associated with M. pneumoniae .

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小儿肺炎支原体感染并发中枢和外周神经系统受累:两例病例报告和文献综述
背景:肺炎支原体(M. pneumoniae)是社区获得性肺炎的常见病原体,也与多种肺外表现有关。肺炎支原体感染很少同时累及儿童的中枢神经系统(CNS)和周围神经系统(PNS):我们报告了两名因感染肺炎双球菌而出现急性脑炎和多发性神经炎的患者,并回顾了相关文献,讨论了肺炎双球菌感染并发中枢神经系统和外周神经系统受累的发病机制和治疗方法:结果:我们报告了两名患有肺炎双球菌先驱感染的 6 岁男孩,他们最初表现为意识障碍,随后出现四肢无力、肢体疼痛和尿潴留,对免疫治疗反应良好:我们描述了两名因感染肺炎双球菌而出现症状性中枢神经系统和前列腺系统合并受累并伴有持续性尿潴留的患者。我们发现自身免疫在其中发挥了重要作用,因此建议在肺炎双球菌感染并发中枢神经系统和前列腺系统受累时应使用抗生素和免疫调节剂。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
2.80%
发文量
566
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: ​​The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal® (PIDJ) is a complete, up-to-the-minute resource on infectious diseases in children. Through a mix of original studies, informative review articles, and unique case reports, PIDJ delivers the latest insights on combating disease in children — from state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques to the most effective drug therapies and other treatment protocols. It is a resource that can improve patient care and stimulate your personal research.
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