Smoking cessation decreases arterial blood pressure in hypertensive smokers: A subgroup analysis of the randomized controlled trial GENTSMOKING.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Tobacco Induced Diseases Pub Date : 2024-05-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.18332/tid/186853

Patricia V Gaya, Guilherme Wesley P Fonseca, Lucas Tsuyoshi Tanji, Tania O Abe, Maria Janieire N N Alves, Paulo Caleb Junior de Lima Santos, Fernanda M Consolim Colombo, Jaqueline R Scholz

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Abstract

Introduction: High blood pressure in hypertensive smokers is affected by nicotine consumption. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking cessation treatments on blood pressure in hypertensive smokers.

Methods: A total of 113 hypertensive smokers on antihypertensives during smoking cessation treatment in the randomized controlled trial GENTSMOKING were considered for analysis. At Baseline (T0) and Week 12 (T12), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and heart rate (HR) were measured using a semi-automated digital oscillometric device. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and delta differences for SBP, DBP, HR, and MAP were calculated. Smoking cessation was confirmed by measuring carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaled air.

Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, 72 participants ceased smoking (cessation group) and 41 did not (no cessation group). At T0, there was no statistically meaningful difference between groups with respect to age, body mass index, CO, and daily cigarette consumption. At T12, daily cigarette consumption and CO had decreased in both groups (p<0.001). The cessation group showed decreased SBP (131 ± 2 vs 125 ± 2 mmHg, p=0.004), DBP (79 ± 1 vs 77 ± 1 mmHg, p=0.031), MAP (96 ± 1 vs 93 ± 1 mmHg, p=0.005), and HR (79 ± 1 vs 74 ± 1 beats/min, p=0.001), and increased body weight (77.4 ± 2.1 vs 79.2 ± 2.2 kg, p<0.001). No significant differences were seen for these variables in the no cessation group. Decrease in blood pressure was significantly higher among hypertensive participants with SBP ≥130 mmHg: SBP (145 ± 2 vs 132 ± 2 mmHg, p<0.001), DBP (85 ± 2 vs 80 ± 1 mmHg, p=0.002), MAP (105 ± 1 vs 97 ± 1 mmHg, p<0.001), and HR (81 ± 2 vs 74 ± 2 beats/min, p=0.002). A positive correlation was found between HR and CO (r=0.34; p=0.001).

Conclusions: Smoking cessation treatment reduced blood pressure in hypertensive smokers, allowing them to reach therapeutic targets for hypertension management. Smoking cessation has a positive impact on hypertension treatment; therefore, it should be encouraged in clinical practice.

Clinicaltrialsgov identifier: NCT03362099.

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戒烟可降低高血压吸烟者的动脉血压：随机对照试验 GENTSMOKING 的分组分析。

简介高血压吸烟者的高血压受尼古丁摄入量的影响。本研究旨在评估戒烟治疗对高血压吸烟者血压的影响：在随机对照试验 GENTSMOKING 中，共有 113 名高血压吸烟者在戒烟治疗期间服用了降压药。在基线（T0）和第 12 周（T12），使用半自动数字示波仪测量收缩压和舒张压（SBP 和 DBP）以及心率（HR）。计算平均动脉压（MAP）和 SBP、DBP、HR 和 MAP 的δ差。通过测量呼出气体中的一氧化碳（CO）确认戒烟：治疗 12 周后，72 名参与者戒烟（戒烟组），41 名未戒烟（未戒烟组）。在 T0 阶段，各组之间在年龄、体重指数、一氧化碳和每日吸烟量方面没有统计学意义上的差异。T12时，两组的日吸烟量和CO均有所下降（p结论：戒烟治疗可降低高血压吸烟者的血压，使他们达到高血压管理的治疗目标。戒烟对高血压治疗有积极影响；因此，临床实践中应鼓励戒烟：NCT03362099。

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来源期刊

Tobacco Induced Diseases SUBSTANCE ABUSE-PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

5.40%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Tobacco Induced Diseases encompasses all aspects of research related to the prevention and control of tobacco use at a global level. Preventing diseases attributable to tobacco is only one aspect of the journal, whose overall scope is to provide a forum for the publication of research articles that can contribute to reducing the burden of tobacco induced diseases globally. To address this epidemic we believe that there must be an avenue for the publication of research/policy activities on tobacco control initiatives that may be very important at a regional and national level. This approach provides a very important "hands on" service to the tobacco control community at a global scale - as common problems have common solutions. Hence, we see ourselves as "connectors" within this global community. The journal hence encourages the submission of articles from all medical, biological and psychosocial disciplines, ranging from medical and dental clinicians, through health professionals to basic biomedical and clinical scientists.