Development of Bio-Photoelectrochemical Hybrids for Solar Energy Conversion

Abstract

Recent advancements in solar energy conversion have identified bio-photoelectrochemical hybrids as one of the most promising sustainable techniques. This study integrates BiVO4 and TiO2 semiconductors with photoautotrophic microorganisms (e.g., Algae) to enhance solar energy conversion. Thin films of these materials were prepared and characterized, revealing a relatively smooth surface for BiVO4 while structures for TiO2 thin films deposited as nanorods. Optical properties showed band gaps of ≤ 3.1 and 2.4 eV for TiO2 and BiVO4, respectively. The point of zero charge of materials was investigated, indicating that naturally occurring biofilm formation might not be favorable for as-prepared materials. To overcome this challenge, we aimed to use polyelectrolytes to enhance attachment of cells on the surface of semiconductor and in this regards we determined the biocompatibility of using this approach. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements were conducted to evaluate solar energy conversion efficiency. This study offers insights into optimizing biosystem attachment, biofilm stability, and PEC performance of coupled semiconductors with photoautotrophic microorganisms as one photoelectrode in PEC cell, advancing sustainable solar energy conversion technologies.