Evaluation of the long-term performance of high-performance concrete produced with blended river sand/sea sand and high-volume GGBFS

Abstract

The large amount of natural aggregate and cement in concrete production caused the exhaustion of natural resources and environmental impacts. Replacing the natural aggregate and cement using alternative materials in concrete production is necessary. The study aims to present the mechanical properties and durability of high-performance concrete produced with high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and river sand/sea sand blended (S-HPC). The concrete mixtures were designed with a constant ratio of river sand and sea sand blending at 60:40 and various GGBFS content as partial cement replacement of 30%, 50%, and 70%. The mechanical strength and durability properties were observed up to 365 days of curing age. According to the findings, the S-HPC presented a good compressive strength achievement in a range of 73.2–83.9 MPa and UPV value of 4662–4860 m/s at 365 days of curing age. The washed sea sand concrete mixture presented a higher compressive strength and better durability performance than non-washed sea sand. Incorporating with GGBFS into S-HPC by up to 50% significantly improved concrete samples' mechanical performance, durability, and microstructure. Using GGBFS reduced the current records and delayed the initiation corrosion time of concrete samples.