Realization of functionally graded components with an optimized hybrid additive laminated tooling method

Abstract

Abstract. The tool tempering method is used to manufacture the functionally graded components. In the manufactured combined tool, one side was enhanced with cooling channels to perform the press hardening process, and the other side of the tool included heating cartridges to practice warm forming. Hybrid additive laminated tooling is used to manufacture the combined tool in a short time, while conventional subtracting methods, such as milling, are costly and time-consuming. Initially, the cooling rate and the heat transfer coefficient of the laser metal deposited area by Ferro55 powder are determined. Also, functionally graded components are manufactured in which, on one side, the 22MnB5 sheets are press-hardened, whereas, on the other side, the blanks were warm formed at different elevated temperatures (150°C, 250°C, 350°C). The results show that besides the concept validation, the cooling rate on the press hardening side is higher than 27 K/s, and hardness values up to ca. 480 HV10 were achieved, while, in the wall of the formed part on the heating side, the hardness is below 300 HV10.