Cover Crops Affect Soil Mineral Nitrogen and N Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Maize No-Tillage System in the Brazilian Cerrado

IF 4.7 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI:10.3390/land13050693

Arminda Moreira de Carvalho, Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos, Vivian Galdino da Silva, Thais Rodrigues de Sousa, J. V. Malaquias, Fabiana Piontekowski Ribeiro, Alexsandra Duarte de Oliveira, R. Marchão, Ana Caroline Pereira da Fonseca, R. D. A. Dantas

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Abstract

Cover crops in no-tillage systems may alter soil mineral N and influence the N fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) of subsequent maize. The hypothesis of this work is that no-tillage systems with cover crops affect nitrate, ammonium and maize NFUE in the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective was to evaluate the cover crop mineralization effect on soil N mineral and maize NFUE in a no-tillage system, with and without N topdressing. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block split-plot design. The plots were represented by cover crops (Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, Raphanus sativus and Mucuna aterrima). The subplots consisted of the application (WN) or non-application (NN) of N topdressing to maize. The soil was sampled in six layers (up to 60 cm) at the end (April) and at the beginning of the rainy season (November). NH4+ was lower for all cover crops and WN and NN management in April. NO3− differed between seasons and cover crops in WN and NN. The lignin concentration and N uptake of M. aterrima were the highest compared to other species. The highest NFUE was on R. sativus, showing higher fertilizer dependency. In a no-tillage system with cover crops, the N topdressing fertilization needs to be improved, considering mineralization.

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覆盖作物对巴西塞拉多地区玉米免耕系统的土壤矿物氮和氮肥利用效率的影响

免耕系统中的覆盖作物可能会改变土壤中的矿质氮，并影响后续玉米的氮肥利用效率（NFUE）。这项研究的假设是，在巴西塞拉多地区，覆盖作物的免耕系统会影响硝酸盐、铵盐和玉米的氮肥利用效率。实验的目的是评估覆盖作物矿化对免耕系统中土壤氮矿化度和玉米氮利用效率的影响，包括添加和不添加氮肥。实验采用随机区块分割设计。小区以覆盖作物（Cajanus cajan、Crotalaria juncea、Raphanus sativus 和 Mucuna aterrima）为代表。子地块包括玉米氮肥施用（WN）或不施用（NN）。在雨季结束时（4 月）和开始时（11 月），对六层土壤（最深 60 厘米）进行了取样。4 月份，所有覆盖作物以及 WN 和 NN 管理的 NH4+ 都较低。在 WN 和 NN 中，NO3- 在不同季节和不同覆盖作物之间存在差异。与其他物种相比，M. aterrima 的木质素浓度和氮吸收率最高。R.sativus的NFUE最高，表明其对肥料的依赖性较高。在有覆盖作物的免耕系统中，考虑到氮的矿化，需要改进氮的表层施肥。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

567

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Electronic Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of electronic materials. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials science, engineering, optics, physics, and chemistry into important applications of electronic materials. Sample research topics that span the journal's scope are inorganic, organic, ionic and polymeric materials with properties that include conducting, semiconducting, superconducting, insulating, dielectric, magnetic, optoelectronic, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and thermoelectric. Indexed/Abstracted： Web of Science SCIE Scopus CAS INSPEC Portico