Geochemical signature identifying features and archaeological structures in eastern Amazonian Terra Preta sites

IF 1.5 3区地球科学 N/A ARCHAEOLOGY Archaeometry Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI:10.1111/arcm.12977

Majd Nidal Aboul Hosn, Bruno Apolo Miranda Figueira, Paulo Sérgio Taube Junior, José Francisco Berredo Reis da Silva, B. Archanjo, Kashif Gul, Sumeet Malik, M. L. da Costa

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Abstract

The present work describes the chemistry and mineralogy of soils such as Terra Preta Arqueológica (TPA) or Terra Preta de Índio (TPI) from the Bitoca I and II sites, located in the Salobo Region (Carajás Mineral Province, Pará‐Brazil). The results revealed chemical and mineralogical characteristics that are similar to other TPAs found throughout the Amazon region, such as relatively high levels of Ca (average of 3600 ppm), P (average of 850 ppm), Mn (average of 730 ppm), Zn (average of 55 ppm), and Cu (average of 63 ppm). In soils related to the characteristics of occupation by huts and campfires, the mineralogical composition is represented by quartz, kaolinite, calcite, muscovite, anatase, hematite, goethite, and gibbsite. Amorphous phases have also been identified mainly as calcium phosphates and organic matter (humic and fulvic acids). The analysis of the features/structures described here helped in the identification/verification of areas destined for different activities within the sites.

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确定亚马逊东部 Terra Preta 遗址特征和考古结构的地球化学特征

本研究描述了位于萨洛博地区（巴西帕拉州卡拉哈斯矿产省）比托卡 I 号和 II 号矿址中的 "Terra Preta Arqueológica (TPA) "或 "Terra Preta de Índio (TPI) "等土壤的化学和矿物学特征。研究结果表明，这些土壤的化学和矿物学特征与整个亚马逊地区发现的其他 TPA 相似，如钙（平均含量为 3600 ppm）、磷（平均含量为 850 ppm）、锰（平均含量为 730 ppm）、锌（平均含量为 55 ppm）和铜（平均含量为 63 ppm）含量相对较高。在与小屋和篝火占用特征有关的土壤中，矿物成分主要有石英、高岭石、方解石、麝香石、锐钛矿、赤铁矿、鹅铁矿和辉绿岩。此外，还发现了无定形相，主要是磷酸钙和有机物（腐殖酸和富勒酸）。对此处描述的特征/结构的分析有助于确定/核实遗址内用于不同活动的区域。

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来源期刊

Archaeometry 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

12.50%

发文量

105

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Archaeometry is an international research journal covering the application of the physical and biological sciences to archaeology, anthropology and art history. Topics covered include dating methods, artifact studies, mathematical methods, remote sensing techniques, conservation science, environmental reconstruction, biological anthropology and archaeological theory. Papers are expected to have a clear archaeological, anthropological or art historical context, be of the highest scientific standards, and to present data of international relevance. The journal is published on behalf of the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Oxford University, in association with Gesellschaft für Naturwissenschaftliche Archäologie, ARCHAEOMETRIE, the Society for Archaeological Sciences (SAS), and Associazione Italian di Archeometria.