Correlation of Ultrasound Guided (USG) Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) With Postoperative Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Swelling

Abstract

Background: Thyroid swelling is a common problem in Bangladesh. Early and systematic evaluation of a nodular thyroid swelling is necessary as it is a frequent presentation of thyroid neoplasia. USG Guided Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the diagnostic tools for early evaluation of thyroid nodules. USG Guided FNAC is considered as a cost-effective, simple, minimally invasive and easily repeatable procedure for preoperative screening in the diagnosis for most of the thyroid lesions. The objective of this study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of USG Guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and compare the efficacy with histopathology in diagnosis of thyroid swellings. Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of USG Guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and histopathology for the diagnosis of thyroid swelling. Method: This Observational Prospective Study was performed in the department of Otolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Dhaka over 6 month’s duration from January 2019-June 2019. Total 50 patients with thyroid swelling was selected after taking informed written consent and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Smears was taken by standard procedure and then was stained with papanicolaou stain and haematoxylin and eosine stain. The smears was classified into categories like benign, indeterminate, malignant and unsatisfactory. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and accuracy of USG Guided FNAC was calculated and compared to already available data. Appropriate statistical analysis was done to make comparison between final histopathological findings with initial USG Guided FNAC findings. Result: During the study period a total 73 were found eligible for USG Guided FNAC. Most of the patients (52%) were from 20-39 years age group. Among them 67.12% were female and rest (32.87%) were male. In this government hospital 75.34% were from low income group. ......